Vocab Quiz

Question 1

Phenotype

Answer 1

Physical characteristics of an organism

Question 2

Genetics

Answer 2

Scientific study of heredity

Question 3

Allele

Answer 3

One of a number of different forms of a gene

Question 4

Homozygous

Answer 4

Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait

Question 5

Fertilization

Answer 5

Process in sexual production in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell

Question 6

Gene

Answer 6

Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait

Question 7

True- breeding

Answer 7

Term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self pollinate

Question 9

Genotype

Answer 9

Genetic makeup of an organism

Question 10

Gamete

Answer 10

Sex cells

Question 11

Segregation

Answer 11

Separation of alleles during gamete formation

Question 12

Trait

Answer 12

Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another

Question 13

Probability

Answer 13

Likelihood that a particular event will occur

Question 14

Independent assortment

Answer 14

Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes

Question 15

Incomplete dominance

Answer 15

Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another

Question 16

Codomincance

Answer 16

Situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism

Question 17

Gene map

Answer 17

Diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome

Question 18

Hybrid

Answer 18

Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

Question 19

Multiple alleles

Answer 19

Three or more alleles of the same gene

Question 20

Homologous

Answer 20

Term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent

Question 21

Crossing-over

Answer 21

Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis

Question 22

Heterozygous

Answer 22

Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait

Question 23

Polygenic traits

Answer 23

Trait controlled by two or more genes

Question 23

Diploid

Answer 23

Term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes

Question 24

Haploid

Answer 24

Term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes

Question 26

Punnett square

Answer 26

Diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross

Question 27

Meiosis

Answer 27

Process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

Question 27

Tetrad

Answer 27

Structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis