Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chem > Vocab for Final > Flashcards

Vocab for Final Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

All the chemical reactions that occur in the body required for life

A

Metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chemical reactions by which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones called metabolites

A

Catabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chemical reactions in which metabolites combine to form larger molecules

A

Anabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Intermediates that can be recombined later

A

Metabolites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What chemical reaction is hydrolysis and oxidation?

A

Catabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Does catabolism require or produce energy?

A

produce; endergonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Does anabolism require or produce energy?

A

requires; exergonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What chemical reaction is condensation and reduction?

A

Anabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ATP and acetyl CoA release energy through exergonic _____ reactions, and store energy through endegonic _____ reactions

A

ATP and acetyl CoA release energy through exergonic hydrolysis reactions, and store energy through endergonic condensation reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

NADH and FADH2 release energy through exergonic _____ reactions, and
store energy through endergonic _____ reactions

A

NADH and FADH2 release energy through exergonic oxidation reactions, and
store energy through endergonic reduction reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is used to get energy from lipids?

A

Beta oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lipids are ___ to ____

A

Lipids are hydrolyzed to fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Proteins are ____ to _____

A

Proteins are hydrolyzed to amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sugars are ____ to ____

A

Sugars are hydrolyzed to make glucose and fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The catabolism of glucose to pyruvate

A

Glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two “clocks” of radiometric dating? When to use? Assumptions?

A
  1. Equilibrium decay clock (living organisms)
  2. Accumulation clock
    Methods: (nonliving)
    • model age method: have to know the beginning daughter amount
    • isochron method: have to be the same age & spread out data
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is neutron triggered fission of some isotopes? Benefits?

A

Nuclear power; produces heat with little power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the process of using radiation to determine the age of a sample?

A

Radiometric Dating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is radiation that directly treats illness by killing it?

A

Radioactive therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What process uses gamma-emmiters to scan?

A

Medical imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the amount of radiation absorbed?

A

Absorbed dose Dt

22
Q

What is the waiting factor to make all forms of radiation equal?

A

Equivalent dose Ht

23
Q

What is the dose that takes the body into account and the effects on the organ?

A

Effective dose E

24
Q

Nuclear reaction v. chemical reaction

A

nuclear- change in atom’s nucleus
chemical- change in electrons

25
Q

Symbols for types of nuclear decay (alpha, beta, gamma)

A

alpha- 4, 2(charge)
beta- 0, -1(charge)
gamma- 0,0

26
Q

What can the types of decay go through?

A

alpha- skin
beta- in body
gamma- through you; metal; concrete

27
Q

What is transcription?

A

mRNA transcribes a message; is complementary to the template strand; DNA is coding strand

28
Q

What is translation?

A

tRNA reads the message; is complementary to mRNA

29
Q

What pairs in DNA? RNA?

A

DNA: A + T; G + C
RNA: A + U; G +C

30
Q

What are the 3 components of a nucleotide?

A
  1. nitrogenous base
  2. 5C sugar
  3. phosphate
31
Q

LiOH

A

Lithium Hydroxide; SB

32
Q

NaOH

A

Sodium Hydroxide; SB

33
Q

KOH

A

Potassium Hydroxide; SB

34
Q

NH3

A

Ammonia; WB

35
Q

HCl

A

hydrochloric acid; SA

36
Q

HBr

A

hydrobromic acid; SA

37
Q

HI

A

hydroiodic acid; SA

38
Q

HNO3

A

Nitric Acid; SA

39
Q

HClO4

A

Perchloric acid; SA

40
Q

H2SO4

A

Sulfuric Acid; SA

41
Q

H3PO4

A

Phosporic acid; WA

42
Q

H2CO3

A

Carbonic acid; WA

43
Q

CH3CO2H

A

Acetic acid; WA

44
Q

p[H]=?

A

-log[H3O+]

45
Q

Kw = ?

A

[H3O+][OH-] = 1 x 10^-14

46
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

2, 8, 18, 32

47
Q

What is the active site?

A

area in enzyme where catalysis occurs

48
Q

What is a cofactor?

A

inorganic substance that helps enzyme catalyze reaction

49
Q

What is a coenzyme?

A

small organic molecule that help enzymes function

50
Q

What is a ribose vs. deoxyribose?

A
  • 5-carbon sugar
  • ribose makes up RNA
  • deoxyribose makes up DNA
51
Q

What holds together the primary structure of DNA? Secondary?

A
  1. phosphodiester bonds
  2. hydrogen bonding
52
Q

What is ionizing radiation?

A

Strike another atom, steal its electron. Can start to kill living cells (cancer)

Chem (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions