Vocab for Fall Final Review

Question 1

an individual living thing

Answer 1

Organism

Question 2

all of the organisms living in an area together with their physical environment

Answer 2

Ecosystem

Question 3

living or were once part of a living thing

Answer 3

Biotic Factors

Question 4

non-living things

Answer 4

Abiotic Factors

Question 5

organism that makes its own food; autotrophs

Answer 5

Producers

Question 6

organism that gets its energy by eating other organisms; heterotrophs

Answer 6

Consumers

Question 7

organisms that break down dead organisms; vultures

Answer 7

Decomposers

Question 8

organisms that eat meat; lion

Answer 8

Carnivore

Question 9

organisms that eat plants; cows

Answer 9

Herbivore

Question 10

organisms that eat both plants and meat; foxes

Answer 10

Omnivore

Question 11

one path of energy transfers

Answer 11

Food Chain

Question 12

multiple interconnected paths of energy transfers

Answer 12

Food Web

Question 13

Levels that show energy loss through each organisms in a food chain

Answer 13

Trophic Levels

Question 14

herbivores; eat primary producers

Answer 14

Primary Consumers

Question 15

largely carnivores and some omnivores that feed on primary producers and consumers

Answer 15

Secondary Consumer

Question 16

top animals that feed on the levels below them; also get the least amount of energy

Answer 16

Tertiary Consumer

Question 17

only 10% of energy or biomass can be transferred to the next trophic level

Answer 17

10% Rule

Question 18

a group of organisms that can reproduce with one another

Answer 18

Species

Question 19

a group of the same species living in the same place; LOCATION

Answer 19

Population

Question 20

a group of various species that live in the same place and interact with each other; like parrots and iguanas in rainforest

Answer 20

Community

Question 21

the process or industry of obtaining minerals, ore, or coal from a mine

Answer 21

Mining

Question 22

an abundant source of something

Answer 22

Mine

Question 23

SNIF and C; solid, naturally occurring, inorganic solid, fixed chemical composition, crystal structure

Answer 23

Mineral

Question 24

minerals that are valuable and contain economical elements

Answer 24

Ore Minerals

Question 25

minerals that have no commercial value

Answer 25

Gangue Minerals

Question 26

minerals that have metallic elements

Answer 26

Metallic Minerals

Question 27

minerals located close to the surface; quarrying, strip mining

Answer 27

Surface Mining

Question 28

minerals are found below the surface; room and pillar mining, longwall mining, solution mining

Answer 28

Subsurface Mining

Question 29

process of returning land to its original or better condition after mining is completed

Answer 29

Reclamation

Question 30

remains of ancient organisms that changed into coal, oil, or natural gas; used for energy

Answer 30

Fossil Fuels

Question 31

when people don't receive enough sufficient food to fulfill the body's needs

Answer 31

Malnutrition

Question 32

widespread starvation caused by a food shortage

Answer 32

Famine

Question 33

measure of the quantity of the food produced on a given area of land

Answer 33

Food Efficiency

Question 34

the amount of food that can be produced in a given area

Answer 34

Yield

Question 35

an area that had limited access to affordable and nutritious food

Answer 35

Food Desert

Question 36

genetically modified organisms; any organisms whose genetic material has been modified

Answer 36

GMO

Question 37

ensuring universal access to nutritious and affordable food

Answer 37

Food Justice

Question 38

any discarded solid material

Answer 38

Solid Waste

Question 39

the acquisition of goods and services in ever-increasing amounts

Answer 39

Consumerism

Question 40

products can be broken down by biological processes

Answer 40

Biodegradeable

Question 41

waste produced by households and businesses

Answer 41

Municipal Solid Waste

Question 42

rocks and materials left over from excavation

Answer 42

Mining Waste

Question 43

crop waste and manure

Answer 43

Agricultural Waste

Question 44

Scrap metal, plastics, paper, sludge, and ash

Answer 44

Manufacturing Waste

Question 45

a permanent waste-disposal facility where wastes are put in the ground and covered each day with soil and plastic

Answer 45

Landfills

Question 46

a liquid that forms when waster seeps down through a landfill and collects dissolved chemicals in decomposing garbage

Answer 46

Leachate

Question 47

any change in design, manufacture, purchase, or use of materials or products to reduce the amount of toxicity

Answer 47

Source Reduction

Question 48

address the unfair exposure of poor and marginalize communities to harms from hazardous wastes

Answer 48

Environmental Justice

Question 49

any waste that poses potential harms to human health due to its toxicity

Answer 49

Hazardous Waste

Question 50

changes in an ecosystem caused by the removal or addition of a keystone species or top predator

Answer 50

Trophic Cascade