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Adv. Environmental Systems > Vocab for Fall Final Review > Flashcards

Vocab for Fall Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

an individual living thing

A

Organism

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2
Q

all of the organisms living in an area together with their physical environment

A

Ecosystem

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3
Q

living or were once part of a living thing

A

Biotic Factors

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4
Q

non-living things

A

Abiotic Factors

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5
Q

organism that makes its own food; autotrophs

A

Producers

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6
Q

organism that gets its energy by eating other organisms; heterotrophs

A

Consumers

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7
Q

organisms that break down dead organisms; vultures

A

Decomposers

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8
Q

organisms that eat meat; lion

A

Carnivore

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9
Q

organisms that eat plants; cows

A

Herbivore

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10
Q

organisms that eat both plants and meat; foxes

A

Omnivore

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11
Q

one path of energy transfers

A

Food Chain

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12
Q

multiple interconnected paths of energy transfers

A

Food Web

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13
Q

Levels that show energy loss through each organisms in a food chain

A

Trophic Levels

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14
Q

herbivores; eat primary producers

A

Primary Consumers

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15
Q

largely carnivores and some omnivores that feed on primary producers and consumers

A

Secondary Consumer

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16
Q

top animals that feed on the levels below them; also get the least amount of energy

A

Tertiary Consumer

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17
Q

only 10% of energy or biomass can be transferred to the next trophic level

A

10% Rule

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18
Q

a group of organisms that can reproduce with one another

A

Species

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19
Q

a group of the same species living in the same place; LOCATION

A

Population

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20
Q

a group of various species that live in the same place and interact with each other; like parrots and iguanas in rainforest

A

Community

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21
Q

the process or industry of obtaining minerals, ore, or coal from a mine

A

Mining

22
Q

an abundant source of something

A

Mine

23
Q

SNIF and C; solid, naturally occurring, inorganic solid, fixed chemical composition, crystal structure

A

Mineral

24
Q

minerals that are valuable and contain economical elements

A

Ore Minerals

25
Q

minerals that have no commercial value

A

Gangue Minerals

26
Q

minerals that have metallic elements

A

Metallic Minerals

27
Q

minerals located close to the surface; quarrying, strip mining

A

Surface Mining

28
Q

minerals are found below the surface; room and pillar mining, longwall mining, solution mining

A

Subsurface Mining

29
Q

process of returning land to its original or better condition after mining is completed

A

Reclamation

30
Q

remains of ancient organisms that changed into coal, oil, or natural gas; used for energy

A

Fossil Fuels

31
Q

when people don’t receive enough sufficient food to fulfill the body’s needs

A

Malnutrition

32
Q

widespread starvation caused by a food shortage

A

Famine

33
Q

measure of the quantity of the food produced on a given area of land

A

Food Efficiency

34
Q

the amount of food that can be produced in a given area

A

Yield

35
Q

an area that had limited access to affordable and nutritious food

A

Food Desert

36
Q

genetically modified organisms; any organisms whose genetic material has been modified

A

GMO

37
Q

ensuring universal access to nutritious and affordable food

A

Food Justice

38
Q

any discarded solid material

A

Solid Waste

39
Q

the acquisition of goods and services in ever-increasing amounts

A

Consumerism

40
Q

products can be broken down by biological processes

A

Biodegradeable

41
Q

waste produced by households and businesses

A

Municipal Solid Waste

42
Q

rocks and materials left over from excavation

A

Mining Waste

43
Q

crop waste and manure

A

Agricultural Waste

44
Q

Scrap metal, plastics, paper, sludge, and ash

A

Manufacturing Waste

45
Q

a permanent waste-disposal facility where wastes are put in the ground and covered each day with soil and plastic

A

Landfills

46
Q

a liquid that forms when waster seeps down through a landfill and collects dissolved chemicals in decomposing garbage

A

Leachate

47
Q

any change in design, manufacture, purchase, or use of materials or products to reduce the amount of toxicity

A

Source Reduction

48
Q

address the unfair exposure of poor and marginalize communities to harms from hazardous wastes

A

Environmental Justice

49
Q

any waste that poses potential harms to human health due to its toxicity

A

Hazardous Waste

50
Q

changes in an ecosystem caused by the removal or addition of a keystone species or top predator

A

Trophic Cascade

Adv. Environmental Systems (7 decks)

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