Vocab Ch. 1

Question 1

Adversarial System

Answer 1

The Judicial process whereby evidence is presented by two two opposing parties to an impartial judge and jury

Question 2

Assizes

Answer 2

Traveling courts

Question 3

Case Law / Common Law

Answer 3

A method of deciding cases based on recorded decisions of similar cases

Question 4

Circuit Judges

Answer 4

Judges of travelling courts

Question 5

Code Of Hammurabi

Answer 5

One of the earliest-known sets of recorded laws, written by King Hammurabi of Babylon in the eighteenth century BC

Question 6

Code Of Li K’vei

Answer 6

A set of Chinese laws written around 350 BCE

Question 7

Codified

Answer 7

Arranged and recorded systematically

Question 8

Divine Right

Answer 8

The idea that monarchs and their successors derived there power to rule from God and they were accountable only to God

Question 9

Great Laws Of Manu

Answer 9

Laws compiled in India between 1280 and 880 BCE, previously transferred through oral tradition

Question 10

Habeas Corpus

Answer 10

A court order designed to prevent unlawful arrest by ensuring that anyone detained is brought before a court within a reasonable amount of time; Latin for “you must have the body”

Question 11

Justinians Code

Answer 11

The clarification and organization of Roman Law commissioned by byzantine emperor Justinian I (527-565 CE)

Question 12

Magna Carta

Answer 12

A charter signed by King John of England in 1215 that recognized individual basic rights for people in England

Question 13

Mosaic Law

Answer 13

Biblical Or Hebrew Law found in the old testemant

Question 14

Napoleonic Code

Answer 14

A code of law in France commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804

Question 15

Quebec Civil Code

Answer 15

The system of law used in Quebec for resolving private matters; based on the french civil code

Question 16

Restitution

Answer 16

Punishment that requires the offender to pay the victim or society back for the harm or loss caused by the crime

Question 17

Retribution

Answer 17

Punishing an offender for revenge or to satisfy the public that the offender has paid for the crime

Question 18

Rule Of Law

Answer 18

A three-part principle of justice stating that the law is necessary to regulate society, the law applies equally to everyone, and people are not governed by an arbitrary power

Question 19

Rule Of Precedent

Answer 19

Applying a previous decision to a case that has similar circumstances

Question 20

Stare Decisis

Answer 20

A Latin phrase meaning to “stand by the decision,” i.e., able by the decisions already made

Question 21

The Great Binding Law

Answer 21

The constitution of the Iroquois Confederacy that outlined many of the same principles of justice and fairness that are found in modern civil rights documents

Question 22

Trial By Combat

Answer 22

Determining built of innocence by having the parties involved in a dispute fight a duel

Question 23

Trial By Oath Helping

Answer 23

Requiring friends of the accused to swear on the bible that he or she is innocence

Question 24

Trial by Ordeal

Answer 24

Requiring the accused to undergo torture to determine guilt or innocence