Vocab Ch. 1 Flashcards
Adversarial System
The Judicial process whereby evidence is presented by two two opposing parties to an impartial judge and jury
Assizes
Traveling courts
Case Law / Common Law
A method of deciding cases based on recorded decisions of similar cases
Circuit Judges
Judges of travelling courts
Code Of Hammurabi
One of the earliest-known sets of recorded laws, written by King Hammurabi of Babylon in the eighteenth century BC
Code Of Li K’vei
A set of Chinese laws written around 350 BCE
Codified
Arranged and recorded systematically
Divine Right
The idea that monarchs and their successors derived there power to rule from God and they were accountable only to God
Great Laws Of Manu
Laws compiled in India between 1280 and 880 BCE, previously transferred through oral tradition
Habeas Corpus
A court order designed to prevent unlawful arrest by ensuring that anyone detained is brought before a court within a reasonable amount of time; Latin for “you must have the body”
Justinians Code
The clarification and organization of Roman Law commissioned by byzantine emperor Justinian I (527-565 CE)
Magna Carta
A charter signed by King John of England in 1215 that recognized individual basic rights for people in England
Mosaic Law
Biblical Or Hebrew Law found in the old testemant
Napoleonic Code
A code of law in France commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804
Quebec Civil Code
The system of law used in Quebec for resolving private matters; based on the french civil code
Restitution
Punishment that requires the offender to pay the victim or society back for the harm or loss caused by the crime
Retribution
Punishing an offender for revenge or to satisfy the public that the offender has paid for the crime
Rule Of Law
A three-part principle of justice stating that the law is necessary to regulate society, the law applies equally to everyone, and people are not governed by an arbitrary power
Rule Of Precedent
Applying a previous decision to a case that has similar circumstances
Stare Decisis
A Latin phrase meaning to “stand by the decision,” i.e., able by the decisions already made
The Great Binding Law
The constitution of the Iroquois Confederacy that outlined many of the same principles of justice and fairness that are found in modern civil rights documents
Trial By Combat
Determining built of innocence by having the parties involved in a dispute fight a duel
Trial By Oath Helping
Requiring friends of the accused to swear on the bible that he or she is innocence
Trial by Ordeal
Requiring the accused to undergo torture to determine guilt or innocence
