Vocab Adler Ch.23

Question 1

Contains carbon double bonded to an oxygen, single bonded to another oxygen, and a negative charge at the pH of the body

Answer 1

Acid Group

Question 2

Contains nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms

Answer 2

Amine Group

Question 3

Resembling an immune system response to foreign material (antigen)

Answer 3

Anaphylactoid

Question 4

Number of protons in the nuclei of the different elements

Answer 4

Atomic number

Question 5

Test can reveal whether the urea nitrogen levels are higher than normal, suggesting that the kidneys or liver may not be working properly

Answer 5

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

Question 6

Interactions between electrons of atoms that hold the atoms together in a stable group

Answer 6

Bond

Question 7

Involuntary constriction of the bronchial tubes usually resulting from an immune system reaction to a foreign particle or molecule

Answer 7

Bronchospasm

Question 8

Substance composed of two or more elements combined in definite ratios that give the substance specific properties

Answer 8

Compound

Question 9

Nitrogen-containing waste products of metabolism excreted by the kidney’s filtration system; high blood plasma levels indicate poor filtration by the kidney

Answer 9

Creatinine

Question 10

Compound formed by bonding of two identical simpler molecules

Answer 10

Dimer

Question 11

Leakage from a vessel into the tissue

Answer 11

Extravasation

Question 12

Formation of flaky masses resulting from precipitation or coming out of a suspension or solution

Answer 12

Flocculation

Question 13

Molecular substance containing an amine group; causes bronchial constriction and a decrease in blood pressure

Answer 13

Histamine

Question 14

Common chemical group, part of the water molecule, containing one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen; carries a negative charge (anion) when not a part of a molecule

Answer 14

Hydroxyl

Question 15

Common biochemical groups containing one carbon atom and three hydrogen atoms

Answer 15

Methyl Groups

Question 16

Stable groups of bonded atoms having specific chemical properties

Answer 16

Molecules

Question 17

Simple molecules of a compound of relatively low molecular weight

Answer 17

Monomers

Question 18

Measurement of the number of particles (molecules or ions or cations) that can crowd out water molecules in a measured mass (kilogram) of water

Answer 18

Osmolality

Question 19

Movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a semipermeable membrane such as blood vessel walls and cell membranes

Answer 19

Osmosis

Question 20

Relative acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a solution; pH below 7.0 is acidic and has more hydrogen cations than hydroxyl anions, whereas pH above 7.0 is alkaline and has more hydroxyl anions than hydrogen cations

Answer 20

pH

Question 21

Pharmaceutical compound that is attached to a radioisotope

Answer 21

Radiopharmaceutical

Question 22

Inadequate blood flow within the body with resulting loss of oxygen and therefore energy

Answer 22

Shock

Question 23

Uniform mixture of two or more substances composed of molecule-sized particles that do not react together chemically

Answer 23

Solution

Question 24

Nonuniform mixture of two or more substances, one of which is composed of larger-than-molecule-size particles that have a tendency to cluster together

Answer 24

Suspension