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NUR 109 - Health Assessment > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Fowlers

A

semi-sitting position (45-60 degrees)

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2
Q

Semi Fowlers

A

30

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3
Q

Prone

A

Face down

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4
Q

Supine

A

face up

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5
Q

Meningitis

A

inflammation and infection of meninges by virus fungus or bacteria swelling → headache fever rashes altered mental statuus and a stiff neck

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6
Q

Neuropathy

A

loss of sensation that may feel like numbness tingling or inability to feel often in the extremity

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7
Q

Neuropathies

A

Nerves of the periphery are damaged by peripheral vascular disease tissue ischemia and diabetes Paresthesia pain weakness

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8
Q

Transient ischemic attack TIA

A

temporary loss of flow to the brain for only a few minutes Symptoms can be loss of sensation numbness difficulty speaking double vision dysphagia dizziness and motor or sensory deficits

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9
Q

Dysphasia

A

partial impairment of language

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10
Q

Global Aphasia

A

Injury to left, middle, cerebra artery infectioncomplete impairment of language for comprehension and verbal, written, signed expression modalities

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11
Q

Visual-Receptive Aphasia

A

Wernicke’s (injury parietal-occipital area): unable to understand language spoken or written

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12
Q

Expressive Aphasia

A

Broca’s (injury inferior frontal area): unable to understand written or spoken

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13
Q

Dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

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14
Q

Migraine

A

dysfunction in stem or genericsThrobbing pain in one side of the head with sense sensitivity to light sound and movement w/ or w/o aura

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15
Q

Tension headache

A

Stress related predisposed by stress/eye strain/ bad postureEpisodic general pain/pressure around the circumference of the head w/o nausea vomiting photophobia

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16
Q

Cluster headache

A

Unknown: Post Hypothal/CN V disorder or dysfunctionunilateral one side burning stabbing piercing pain swelling or redness around affected eye at the same time daily 3:1 in men: women

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17
Q

Chronic daily

A

overuse of analgesic meds Neck stiffness muscle contraction severe on awaking made worse by exertion activity

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18
Q

Dysphonia

A

Paralysis of soft palate: Diffi speaking hoarseness or whisper

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19
Q

Dysarthria

A

Motor deficit of tongue or speech muscles

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20
Q

Hypoxia

A

lack of O2 to brain → changes in mental status

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21
Q

Atrial Fibrulation

A

↑ risk for stroke by giving to formation of blood clots in atrium. can dislodge and trap in cerebral arteries

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22
Q

Paresthesia

A

numbness or tingling in extremities due to ↓circulation Chronic →neurological disease, traumatic nerve damage, CNS disease,tumor

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23
Q

Myasthenia

A

lack of muscled tone or str

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24
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

neuromuscular autoimmune → weakness of voluntary muscle chronic muscle fatigue, dysphagia, drooping eyelid, slurred speech

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25
Q

Multiple Sclerosis MS

A

inflammitory NS disease nerve cells are damaged by ↓transmission and comms btwn brain and body May not be able to walk

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26
Q

Lethargic

A

Difficulty maintaining mentation or is sluggish Aroused and able to answer

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27
Q

Obtunded

A

Lowered alertness: can only keep awake while verbal or tactile stimuliConfused when awake

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28
Q

Stupor

A

Unresponsive to verbal stimuli Lowered pain responseNonverbal if they open their eyes

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29
Q

Comatose

A

Deep unconsciousness Lack of response to stimuli

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30
Q

Anosmia

A

Inability to smell or ID the correct smell indicates loss of CN I nerve

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31
Q

Myopia (CN II)

A

Nearsightedneaa 21+/20

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32
Q

Hyperopia (CN II)

A

Far sightednessDistant clear near blurriest

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33
Q

Presbyopia (CN II)

A

Inability to focus needs magnifying glass

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34
Q

Legal blindness (CN II)

A

20/200 or moreNormal can see at 200 what Person can see 20

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35
Q

Diplopia (CN III, IV, VI)

A

Subjective complaint related to muscular dysfunction or neurological problem

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36
Q

Nystagmus (CN II, III)

A

Involuntary cyclical movement of eyes when fixed in a moving object or fixed on something in peripheral vision

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37
Q

Mydriasis (CN II, III)

A

Bilateral dilated fixed pupils

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38
Q

Miosis (CN II, III)

A

Abnormal constriction of the pupils

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39
Q

Anasocoria (CN II, III)

A

Unequal pupil size

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40
Q

Homer’s syndrome (CN II, III)

A

Affects one side of the faceDroopy eyelid Constricted pupil

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41
Q

Cataracts

A

Cloudy lens that causes blurry lowered vision or blindness

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42
Q

Glaucoma

A

Intraocular pressure that damages optic nerveLoss of peripheral vision

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43
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Degeneration of central field of vision

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44
Q

Ptosis

A

Droopy eyelid

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45
Q

Blepharitis

A

Inflammation and infection of the eyelid margins from too much crusty oil

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46
Q

Blocked lacrimal gland

A

Excessive tearing since they can’t drain

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47
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Bacterial or viral infection that causes sceral erythema and conjunctiva yellow green drainage

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48
Q

thready vs bounding

A

barely felt and easily obliterated easilty felt and hard to oblit

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49
Q

Percussion sounds

A

Tympany dullResonancehyper”Flatness

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50
Q

Tympany

A

loud, high pitch, drumlikeheard over air filled viscera

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51
Q

Dull percussion

A

soft to moderate medium pitch, thud likeover fluid, organs, fat or distended bladder

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52
Q

Resonacnce

A

moderate to loud, hollow, low pitch

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53
Q

Hyperresonance

A

soft, booming, low pitch

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54
Q

flatness percussion

A

loud, dull, high ptich

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55
Q

Pallor

A

pale

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56
Q

cyanosis

A

blusih discoloration

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57
Q

McBurny’s point

A

Ileocecal valve here between umbilical and pelvis at ()

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58
Q

aneurysm

A

wakening and outpouching of artery

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59
Q

AB distension

A

fluid, fat, gas, fibroids baby

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60
Q

Asceites

A

fluid accumulation in peritoneal cavity

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61
Q

Diastasis recti

A

spliting of rectus abdominis muscuiles at midline (linea alba)

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62
Q

hernias

A

weaking of ab wallloops of intestines and tissues pass into the peritoneuamclassifed by loci: inguinal, epigastric, ubmilical, incisional, Diastasis recti

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63
Q

Cullen’s sign

A

ecchymosis arround the umbilicus → intra-ab bleeding

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64
Q

ecchymosis

A

superficial bleeding under skin

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65
Q

abnormal bowl asuc

A

hyperactivehypoactiveno soiunds

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66
Q

Hyperactive bowel

A

loud high pitched sounds in people with diarrhea, laxatives, gastroenteritis, and early obstruction

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67
Q

hypoactive bowel

A

slow ↓soundsin epople with constipation, obstruction, medicatsions

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68
Q

no bowel sounds

A

may → paralytic ileus after surgery, bowel obstruction

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69
Q

Bruits

A

Turbulent, blowing sounds over partially or totally obstructed artery caused by buildup of plaque

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70
Q

Friction rub

A

grating sounds heard over inflamed organs with serous surfaces commonly over the RUQ liver or LUQ spleen

71
Q

Rebound tenderness

A

indicative of peritoneal inflammationcheck by slowly pressing on tender area and quickly let go

72
Q

Aceites

A

abnormal fluid accumulation, detectable after 500 mL with percussion , fluid waves and ultrasounddull percussion laterally to fluid tympany at mid ab

73
Q

Paracentesis

A

procedure to remove fluid from peritoneal cavity by needle insertion into the cavity. Usually done when person is respiratory distress or ad pain

74
Q

Menopause

A

no menses for 12 mths

dry skin, hair loss, hot flashes, insomnia, mood changes/irritability, irreg periods, night sweats, dry vag, wt gain

75
Q

Joint types

A

fused: in skull ireggular and flat

76
Q

Ball and socket

A

shoulder and hip

77
Q

hinge

A

elbow and fingers and knee and toes

78
Q

Gliding

A

wrist hand ankle foot

79
Q

Plane

A

vertibrae

80
Q

condyloid

A

wrists

81
Q

Abduction

A

move from midline

82
Q

adduction

A

move to midline

83
Q

pronation

A

rotation from anatomical neutral

84
Q

supination

A

rotation to anatomical neutral

85
Q

eversion

A

bending away moving from midline (ankle)

86
Q

inversion

A

bending toward midline (ankle)

87
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

upward flex of foot

88
Q

plantarflexion

A

down flex of foot

89
Q

flexion

A

moving toward body

90
Q

extension

A

moving away from body

91
Q

elevation

A

movement that raises a part in its plane (shoulder shrug)

92
Q

Tendons

A

力 to joint

93
Q

Ligament

A

力 to 力

94
Q

Strain

A

tendon injury

95
Q

Sprain

A

ligament injury

96
Q

Osteoarthritis (OA)

A

progressive wear down of protective cartilage affects distal interphalangeal joins

97
Q

Osteoporosis

A

progressive loss of bone density

98
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

A

progressive inflammatory autoimmune that attacks metacarpophalangeal synovial joints in hands and feet

99
Q

paresthesia

A

burring, tingling, prickling(Serious, needs further assessment and should notify HCP)

100
Q

Ataxia

A

unsteady gait from injury, pain or cerebellar function

101
Q

Diplegic gait (Scissors gait)

A

Legs swing across midline to compensate for lack of motioncommon w/cerebral palsy

102
Q

Shuffling gait

A

Problem with balance, Parkinson’s (characteristic), ↓lower extremity strength

103
Q

Foot drop

A

weakness or paralysis of 力 in lower leg or inabliiy to control plantar flexsion of the ankle (cant bring foot to neutral)→peroneal nerve injurst or 力/nerveological disroder

104
Q

Scoliosis

A

S or C shaped curvature in the lateral plane of spine

105
Q

Kyphosis

A

hunchback curvature in thoracic spinecan affect thorax contents

106
Q

Lordosis

A

↑lower back arch curvature

107
Q

Bouchard’s nodes

A

bony enlargements of proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP), common in people with OA and RA

108
Q

Heberden’s nodes

A

bony enlargements of distal interphalangeal joints common in people with OA

109
Q

Tinel’s sign

A

for Carpel tunnel syndrome: Palm up and fingers at natural curl, tap median nerve at wrists (thumb side)Tingling or pain radiating to thump, index or middle finger is positive

110
Q

Phalen’s test

A

flex both wrists in and fingers extended pointing down (╦) and press together for 1 min Positive if tingling or numbness in the palmar aspect of the fingers

111
Q

Hallux Valgus

A

Bunionlateral deviation and enlarged joint of the great toe

112
Q

Hammertoe

A

permanent contracted-toe deformity proximal interphalangeal joint of 2-4th toe can be affected

113
Q

Trendelenburg’s position

A

supine, bed is flat and angled so head is lowest part of body

114
Q

Reverse Trendelenburg’s position

A

Body supine, bed itself is angled so head is higher than body

115
Q

Perimenopausal

A

E and p fluctuations before meno

116
Q

Amenorrhea

A

absence of menses

117
Q

Primary Amenorrhea

A

15< w/o ever having a period

118
Q

Secondary Amenorrhea

A

Secondary: 3-6 w/o period

119
Q

Metrorraghia

A

uterine bleeding at irregular intervals most often associated with dysfunctional ovaries

120
Q

Menorrhagia

A

excessive or prolonged duration of menses

121
Q

Oligomenorrhea

A

decreased or light menses

122
Q

Primary dysmenorrhea

A

lower abdominal pain that may radiate to the lower back or legs, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, irritability, fatigue, and depression

123
Q

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

A 
Nausea
Vomiting
Tender breasts
Fatigue
Bloating
Gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., constipation, heartburn, or diarrhea)
Insomnia
Irritability
Mood swings
124
Q

Fibrocystic breast disease

A

benign painless lumps or thickening of tissue in breasts

125
Q

Breast cysts

A

fluid-filled lumps in the breast

126
Q

Mastectomy

A

surgical removal of one or both breasts.

127
Q

Breast reduction/augmentation

A

Remove or increase breast size

128
Q

Fibroadenomas

A

solid, round, rubbery lumps filled with fibrous and glandular tissues; these lumps move easily when pushed

129
Q

Breast cancer signs

A

lump, edema, nip discharge change in breasts, pain

130
Q

Bacterial Vaginosis

A

Overgrowth of vaginal bacteria
Thin, white, yellow, or grayish Fishy odor
Genital itching, redness, dysuria

131
Q

Candidiasis

A

Fungal infection

Thick, white, curd-like, Genital itching, burning, dysuria

132
Q

Chlamydia

A

Chlamydia trachomatis
Bleeding after sexual intercourse Discharge with foul odor
Dysuria, abdominal pain, genital itching or burning

133
Q

Trichomoniasis

A

parasite: Trichomonas vaginalis
Clear, white, yellow-green Frothy discharge
Genital itching, burning, redness, dysuria

134
Q

Supernumerary nipple

A

additional nipple somewhere along the mammary line

135
Q

Peau d ’orange

A

pitting, dimpling, or swelling seen in inflamed skin

carcinoma

136
Q

Nipple discharge

A

normally seen in a pregnant woman and one who is breastfeeding

137
Q

Paget’s disease

A

the areola is bumpy, persistently itchy, red, or scaly; patient may complain of tingling sensation

138
Q

Gonorrhea

A

inflammation of the urethra, prostate, rectum, and/or pharynx
yellow mucopurulent penile discharge

139
Q

Chlamydia men

A

penile discharge and dysuria, pain with urination.

140
Q

Dysuria

A

pain and difficulty with urination

141
Q

Bladder pain

A

indicate cystitis, inflammation of the bladder due to infection

142
Q

Back pain man genital assessment

A

costovertebral tenderness may indicate inflammation of the kidneys or possibly the presence of kidney stones

143
Q

Testicular pain

A

trauma, infection, or cancer; testicular torsion

144
Q

Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

A

nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland

145
Q

Hydrocele

A

accumulation of fluid around the testes

146
Q

Epididymitis

A

swelling and inflammation of the epididymis

147
Q

Gynecomastia

A

overdeveloped fibroglandular breast tissue

148
Q

Syphilis chancre

A

painless, firm, round, and open sore →penis

149
Q

Cellulitis

A

skin appears red and swollen; feels warm, hot, and tender

150
Q

Ischemia

A

restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed

151
Q

Tissue Ischemia

A

Pain pallor, skin color change

152
Q

myocardial infarction \ heart attack

A

Dizziness, nausea, cold sweat, shortness of breath. discomfort in (chest, jaw, arm, shoulder abdomen), uncomfortable fullness\pressure\pain in chest

153
Q

Stenosis

A

abnormal narrowing of a passage in the body

154
Q

syncope

A

fainting usually from ↑BP

155
Q

mumps

A

edema in parotid glands →puffed up cheeks, loci pain, fatigue, fever headache

156
Q

pruritus

A

itchy skin

157
Q

scabies

A

itchy red papules
worse at night
Itchy lumps or nodules in the armpits and groin →→~
palms and soles, wrists and axilla, umbilicus

158
Q

Thomas test

A

leg pulled toward chest while lying down

159
Q

CAGE questions

A

Cut down
Annoyed
Guilty
Eye-opener (first thing of day)

160
Q

Scatoma (CN III, IV, VI)

A

reduced or absent vision surrounded by normal vision

161
Q

Hemianopia (CN III, IV, VI)

A

half lost of visual field

162
Q

Accommodation (CN II, III)

A

cross eying

163
Q

Consensual Pupil response (CN II, III)

A

pupil

164
Q

Dyspnea

A

shortness of breath

165
Q

Cardiac Dyspnea

A

due to ↓cardiac output

166
Q

Expiratory Dyspnea

A

due to chronic COPD wheezing

167
Q

Orthopnea

A

shortness due to supine

168
Q

Paroxysmal nocturnal Dyspnea

A

shortness while sleep, sit upright to breath, cardiovasc reasons

169
Q

Fremitus

A

solidity of lungs or space in cavity
↑with pneumonia
↓lowered air movement / fluid

170
Q

Crackles

A

sudden opening of airways by coughing

cleared by coughing

171
Q

Wheezing

A

narrowed passage ways in bronchial trees

172
Q

Rhonchi

A

loud deeper wheezing

173
Q

Stridor

A

Emergency loudest over trachea

upper airway obstruction

174
Q

adventitious breath sounds

A

abnormal sounds that are heard over a patient’s lungs and airways (includes crackles, wheezing, rhonchi)

NUR 109 - Health Assessment (6 decks)

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