vocab 7

Question 1

Universal grammar

Answer 1

he theory of the genetic component of the language faculty.

Question 2

Reinforcement Theory

Answer 2

asserts that children learn to speak like adults because they are praised, rewarded or otherwise reinforced when they use the right forms and corrected when using the wrong.

Question 3

Active construction of a grammar theory

Answer 3

holds that children actually invent the rule of grammar themselves.

Question 4

Connectionists Theories

Answer 4

assume that children learn language by creating neural connections in the brain.

Question 5

Social Interaction Theory

Answer 5

children acquire langue through social media interaction, with older children and adults.

Question 6

Babbling

Answer 6

this begins at around the age of 6 months in children, where they produce sequences of vowels and constants.

Question 7

Variegated babbling

Answer 7

the infant begins to string together different syllables.

Question 8

Deictic expressions

Answer 8

word referring to personal, temporal, or spatial aspects of an utterance and whose meaning depends on context in which the word is used.

Question 9

Underextensions

Answer 9

application of a word to a smaller set of objects than is appropriate for mature adult speech.

Question 10

Relational term

Answer 10

large or small constitutes relatively complex concept.

Question 11

Bilingual

Answer 11

speaks two languages.

Question 12

Multilinguial

Answer 12

speaks of more than two languages.

Question 13

Second language acquisition

Answer 13

learning a second language later in life, not as a young child.

Question 14

Innate

Answer 14

at least part of the human language ability.

Question 15

Innateness hypothesis

Answer 15

linguistic theory of language acquisition which holds that at least some knowledge about language exists in humans at birth.

Question 16

Linguistic Universals

Answer 16

The basic features shared by all languages.

Question 17

Critical period

Answer 17

a time in an individuals life where language must be acquired.

Question 18

Homesign gestures

Answer 18

communicative gestures that are invented by deaf children and people who sign language is not available to.

Question 19

High Amplitude Sucking

Answer 19

one of the successful techniques to study infants up to the age of 6 months.

Question 20

Conditioned Head-Turn Procedure

Answer 20

technique used with infants between the age of five and eighteen months, consisting of conditioning and testing.

Question 21

Articulatory gestures

Answer 21

This is what babies learn involving in producing a particular sound.

Question 22

Holophrase

Answer 22

A one word sentence.

Question 23

Holophrastic stage

Answer 23

A stage of a toddlers life where they are only able to communicate complex ideas using only single words and simple fixed expressions.

Question 24

Telegraphic

Answer 24

The speech of young children, which is a form of communication consisting of simple two-word long sentences often composed of a noun and a verb that relate to the grammatical standards of the language.

Question 25

Infant directed speech

Answer 25

nvolving simplified vocabulary, melodic pitch, repetitive questioning, and a slow or deliberate tempo.

Question 26

Child directed speech

Answer 26

high-pitched and elongated words in an exaggerated manner with lots of facial expressiveness.

Question 27

Attention getters

Answer 27

used to tell children which utterances are addressed to them rather than someone else.

Question 28

Attention holders

Answer 28

whenever they have more than one thing to say like a story.

Question 29

Conversational turns

Answer 29

adults encourage children to take turns as a speaker and listener.

Question 30

Simultaneous bilingual

Answer 30

form of bilingualism that takes place when a child becomes bilingual by learning two languages from birth.

Question 31

Sequential bilingual

Answer 31

occurs when a person becomes bilingual by first learning one language and then another.

Question 32

Language mixing

Answer 32

also known as code switching. using more than one language in a conversation or phrase.

Question 33

Fossilization

Answer 33

two close notations One is preserving of ancient linguistic features which have lost their grammatical functions in language. Another is loss of productivity of a grammatical paradigm, which still remains in use in some words.

Question 34

Foreign accent

Answer 34

most second language speakers speak with this.

Question 35

Transfer

Answer 35

refers to speakers or writers applying knowledge from one language to another language.

Question 36

Language and Communicative developments

Answer 36

These skills are crucial for children’s success in school and beyond. the ability to understand others and express yourself.

Question 37

Language and Communicative Developments:

12-18 months

Answer 37

often produce holophrases, can produce only one word at a time, still bable often.

Question 38

Language and Communicative Developments:

18-24 months

Answer 38

Can produce 50-100 words and understand seven hundred or more.

Question 39

Language and Communicative Developments:

2 years

Answer 39

Can point to things or pictures when they are named and can follow 2-step directions.

Question 40

Language and Communicative Developments:

3 years

Answer 40

Can put together 2-3 sentences at a time, can use hundred of words and understand words like prepositions.

Question 41

Language and Communicative Developments:

4 years

Answer 41

Can tell stories and use language for many functions.