Vocab 2

Question 1

gov’t subject to strict limits on lawful uses of power& ability to deprive ppl of their liberty

Answer 1

limited gov’t

Question 2

ppl govern through selection of their representatives; requires majority through its elected representatives has power to rule

Answer 2

representative gov’t

Question 3

John Locke claimed this is what gov’t was founded on; voluntary agreement by individuals to form a gov’t that is then obligated to work within the confines of that agreement

Answer 3

social contract

Question 4

those rights that persons theoretically possessed in the state of nature, prior to the formation of gov’ts; rights including those of life liberty, and property, are considered inherent and as such are inalienable; since gov’t is established by ppl, gov’t has the responsibility to preserve these rights; Natural Rights

Answer 4

Inalienable Rights

Question 5

fundamental law that defines how a gov’t will legitimately operate

Answer 5

constitution

Question 6

constitutional proposal for a strong Congress with 2 chambers, both based on numerical representation; granting more power to larger states

Answer 6

Virginia (large-state) Plan

Question 7

constitutional proposal for a strengthened Congress but one in which each state would have a single vote, thus granting a small state the same legislative power as a larger state

Answer 7

New Jersey (small-state) Plan

Question 8

create a two-chamber Congress w/ House apportioned by population and the Senate apportioned equally by state

Answer 8

Great Compromise

Question 9

each slave to count as three-fifths of a person for purposes of federal taxation and congressional apportionment(# of seats in House of Representatives)

Answer 9

Three-Fifths Compromise

Question 10

opponents of the Constitution during the debate over ratification

Answer 10

Anti- Federalists

Question 11

1st ten amendments to the Constitution; include freedom of speech and religion and due process protections (such as the right to a jury trial) for persons accused of crimes

Answer 11

Bill of Rights

Question 12

elaborate system of divided spheres of authority provided by the US Constitution as a means of controlling the power of gov’t; separation of powers among branches of national gov’t, federalism, & the different methods of selecting national officers are all part of system

Answer 12

checks and balances

Question 13

gov’t that is constitutional in its provisions for minority rights & rule by law; democratic in its provisions for majority influence through elections; and a republic in its mix of deliberative institutions, which check and balance each other

Answer 13

constitutional democratic republic

Question 14

elected representatives whose obligation is to act in accordance with the expressed wishes of the people they represent

Answer 14

delegates

Question 15

gov’t which power of the majority is unlimited, whether exercised directly or through representative body

Answer 15

democracy (according to framers)

Question 16

constitutional means of limiting governmental action by listing those powers that government is expressly prohibited from using

Answer 16

denials of power

Question 17

unofficial term refers to electors who cast the states’ electoral votes

Answer 17

Electoral College

Question 18

method of voting used to choose US president; each state has same #electoral votes as it has members in Congress (House & Senate combined); by tradition is tied to state’s popular voting; candidate w/ most popular votes in a state receives its electoral votes

Answer 18

ELECTORAL VOTES

Question 19

supporters of the Constitution during the debate over ratification

Answer 19

Federalists

Question 20

method of limiting the US gov’t by confining its scope of authority to those powers expressly granted in the Constitution

Answer 20

Grants Of POWER

Question 21

power of courts; decide whether governmental institution has acted within its constitutional powers; if not declare its action NULL and VOID

Answer 21

Judicial Review

Question 22

principle that individuals should be free to act and think as they choose, provided they do not infringe unreasonably on the rights and freedoms of others

Answer 22

liberty

Question 23

voters choose a party’s nominees for public office; eligibility to vote limited to voters who designated themselves as party members when they registered to vote

Answer 23

primary election (direct primary)

Question 24

ppls representatives decide policy through institutions structured in ways that foster deliberation, slow progress of decision making, and operate within restraints that protect individual liberty. To framers the Constitution’s separation of powers & other limits were defining features of republican form of gov’t as opposed to democratic form which places no limits on the majority

Answer 24

republic

Question 25

principle that, as way to limit gov’t, powers should be divided among separate branches, each of which also

Answer 25

separated institutions sharing power