Vocab

Question 1

chronic diseases

Answer 1

a persistent and lasting disease or medical condition - major cause of death in the US

Question 2

health psychology

Answer 2

study or discipline that examines how psychological factors influence our health and how our health influences psychosocial factors

Question 3

life span

Answer 3

statistical measure of the average time something expected to live, based on year of its birth, its current age, and other demographic factors including gender

Question 4

morbidity

Answer 4

illness or sickness

Question 5

mortality

Answer 5

death

Question 6

acute illness

Answer 6

illnesses that develop suddenly and last a short amount of time

Question 7

chronic illness

Answer 7

a condition that develops slowly and lasts a longer time

Question 8

osteoporosis

Answer 8

causes bones to be brittle and weak

Question 9

CLRD

Answer 9

chronic lower respiratory diseases

Question 10

autoimmune diseases

Answer 10

body’s immune system attacks itself

Question 11

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 11

autoimmune disease that targets tissues/joints

Question 12

subjective rating of health

Answer 12

scientists ask participants to rate their own health on a scale

Question 13

illness behaviors

Answer 13

often used to assess illness, includes missing work, staying in bed, using prescription drugs, etc.

Question 14

hormones

Answer 14

chemical messengers/signaling molecules

Question 15

immune system

Answer 15

affects one’s resistance to infection and vulnerability to auto-immune disorders

Question 16

artifacts

Answer 16

methodological variables, how studies are run and how variables are measured may affect results, can lead us to think there are differences even if those differences don’t exist

Question 17

psychogenic

Answer 17

has a psychological cause

Question 18

low birth weight

Answer 18

newborn babies less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces

Question 19

cirrhosis

Answer 19

chronic liver damage

Question 20

Abdominal adiposity (obesity)

Answer 20

fat located in the abdomen; more dangerous form of obesity

Question 21

BMI

Answer 21

measure of your weight/height, not a perfect indicator of overweight or obesity

Question 22

preventative health care

Answer 22

seeing a physician before having an illness

Question 23

dose-response relationship

Answer 23

greater use of/exposure to a substance is associated with greater effect

Question 24

benefits of exercise

Answer 24

stress reduction, reduces risk of cancer/diabetes/other diseases

Question 25

covert diseases

Answer 25

undetectable by standing testing

Question 26

somatic symptoms

Answer 26

physical symptoms concerning one's body

Question 27

cardiovascular disease (CVD)

Answer 27

refers to the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels

Question 28

Coronary Hearth Disease

Answer 28

refers to the failures of coronary circulation to supply adequate circulation to cardiac muscle and surrounding tissue - most common heart disease

Question 29

etiology

Answer 29

causation

Question 30

genetic predisposition

Answer 30

explains the difference from person to person for certain risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity

Question 31

mediatiors

Answer 31

when a variable transmits the effect of one variable to another variable, offers an explanation as to why one variable leads to the occurrence of another

Question 32

type A personality

Answer 32

high hostility, competitiveness, and time-urgency

Question 33

cardiac rehabilitation programs

Answer 33

exercise, nutrition, stress management for patients after heart attack or heart surgery

Question 34

endogenous

Answer 34

natural

Question 35

pharmacological treatments

Answer 35

more common for women than surigcal treatments

Question 36

hypertension is often referred to as

Answer 36

the silent killer

Question 37

goals of preventative medicine

Answer 37

recognize the extent of CVD in women, describe the symptoms of heart attack in women, list the risk factors for heart disease

Question 38

Blood pressure

Answer 38

most important risk factor for heart disease

Question 39

sex lens

Answer 39

biological dimensions

Question 40

gender lens

Answer 40

social dimensions

Question 41

idiosyncratic

Answer 41

symptoms differ from person to person

Question 42

progressive diseases

Answer 42

disease and symptoms get worse over time

Question 43

predisposition

Answer 43

gene that increases risk for autoimmune disease

Question 44

Sjogren's syndrome

Answer 44

a type of autoimmune disease characterized by the inability to sweat and produce tears

Question 45

multiple sclerosis

Answer 45

is a progressive condition that causes nerve damage and can disrupt communication between the brain and body

Question 46

Type 1 Diabetes

Answer 46

a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin

Question 47

adherence

Answer 47

compliance to treatment regimen

Question 48

positive reappraisal

Answer 48

changing though patterns by focusing on the positive rather than negative aspects of having a chronic illness

Question 49

HPV

Answer 49

human papillomavirus - virus causes cervical cancer

Question 50

synergistic effect

Answer 50

when using the combination of substances has worse effect than using one or the other only

Question 51

behavioral factors

Answer 51

factors that increase or decrease risk; over half of all cancer deaths can be avoided by changing behaviors

Question 52

menarche

Answer 52

the onset of menstruation

Question 53

melanoma

Answer 53

skin cancer

Question 54

hysterectomy

Answer 54

removal of the uterus

Question 55

oophorectomy

Answer 55

removal of the ovaries

Question 56

vasomotor symptoms

Answer 56

a physical consequence of menopause that includes hot flashes, night sweats, and vaginal changes