Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P Unit 1 Introduction > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the structure of body parts and thier relationship to one another (to “cut apart” in Greek)

A

Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The function of the body, how things work and carry out their duties

A

Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The study of large body structures visible to the naked eye (heart, lungs, kidneys, etc)

A

Gross or Macroscopic Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

All structures (muscles, bones, blood vessels, nerves, etc) in a particular region of the body are examined at the same time (abdomine or leg)

A

Regional Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Body structure is studied system by system

A

Systemic Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface

A

Surface Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The study of structures to small to be seen with the naked eye

A

Microscopic Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Study of cells in the body

A

Cytology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The study of tissue

A

Histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Traces structural changes that occur throughout the lifespan

A

Developmental Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The study of developmental changes that occur before birth some highly specialized branches of anatomy used in medical diagnosis and scientific research

A

Embryology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The study of kidney functions and urine production

A

Renal Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The study of how the nerves system works

A

Neurophysiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The study of how the heart and blood vessels operate

A

Cardiovascular Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Function always reflects structure or what a structure can do depends on its specific form
- bones can support and protect body organs
- blood flows in one direction through the heart
- various shapes of teeth reflect their different actions

A

Principle of Complementary of Structures and Function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ Systems, and Organismal

A

6 Levels of the Human Body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Simplest level of structural hierarchy

A

Chemical Level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Examination of cells in the body

A

Cellular level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Groups of simular cells that have a common function and can only be used to administer that function

A

Tissue Level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Extremely complex functions can happen
- lungs, heart, stomach, etc

A

Organ Level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose

A

Organ Systems Level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Highest level of organization is the organism or human being

A

Organismal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Maintaining Boundaries, Movement, Responsiveness or Excitability, Digestion, Metabolism, Excretion, Reproduction, Growth

A

Necessary Life Functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The internal environment remains distant from the external environment

A

Maintaining Boundaries

25
Q

The activities promoted by the muscular system like propelling, oneself from one place to another by running or swimming and manipulating the external environment with nimble fingures

A

Movement

26
Q

Muscle cells ability to move by shortening at the cellular level (contracting)

A

Contractility

27
Q

The ability to sense changes (stimuli) in the environment and then respond to them

A

Responsiveness or Excitability

28
Q

The breaking down of indigestible foodstuffs to simple molecules that can be absorbed into the blood

A

Digestion

29
Q

Broad term that includes all chemical reactions that occur within the bodies cells
- how some people can digest food better than others

A

Metabolism

30
Q

The process of removing wastes (excreta) from body

A

Excretion

31
Q

Occurs at the cellular and organismal level
- cell dies and new ones are formed

A

Reproduction

32
Q

An increase in size of a body part or the organism as a whole

A

Growth

33
Q

Nutrients, Oxygen, Water, Normal Body Temperature, Appropreate Atmospheric Pressure

A

Survival Needs

34
Q

Taken in via the diet, contain chemical substances used for energy and cell building

A

Nutrients

35
Q

Helps organisms grow, reproduce, and turn food into energy

A

Oxygen

36
Q

Must be maintained if chemical reactions are to continue at life-sustaining rates

A

Normal Body Temperature

37
Q

Force that air excerts on the surface of the body, breathing and gas exchange in lungs depends on this

A

Appropriate Atmospheric Pressure

38
Q

The ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously

A

Homeostasis

39
Q

The factor or event being regulated

A

Variable

40
Q

First component, senser that moniters the environment

A

Recepter

41
Q

Determines set point or level (range) at which a variable is to be maintained

A

Control Center

42
Q

Carries out the control center’s responce to the stimulus

A

Effector

43
Q
  • most homeostatic control mechanisms
  • in systems output shuts off original effect of stimulus or reduces intensity
  • mechanisms cause variables to change in a direction opposite that of initial change, returning to the “ideal” value
A

Negative Feedback Mechanisms

44
Q

Example: Home heating system connected to temperature sensing thermostat

A

Negative Feedback Loop

45
Q
  • initial responce enhances original stimulus so further responces are even greater
  • “positive” because the change that results proceds in the same direction as the initial change
  • causes the variable to deviate further and further from its original value or range
A

Positive Feedback Mechanism

46
Q

Example: Enhancement of labor contractions during birth and blood clotting

A

Positive Feedback Loop

47
Q

Homeostasis is so important that most diseases can be reguarded as a result of its disturbance

A

Homeostatic Imbalance

48
Q

Allows us to explain where one body structure is in relation to another

A

Directional Term

49
Q

Used to designate specific areas within these major body divisions

A

Regional Terms

50
Q

The ventral body cavity houses internal organs collectively

A

Viscera or Visceral Organs

51
Q

The walls of the ventral body cavity and the outer surfaces of the organs it contains are covered by a thin double layered membrane

A

Serosa or Serous Membrane

52
Q

The part of the membrane lining the cavity walls

A

Parietal Serosa

53
Q

Parietal serosa folds in on itself to form this which covers the organs in the cavity

A

Visceral Serosa

54
Q

The serous membranes are separated not by air but by a thin layer of lubricating fluid which is secreted by both membranes

A

Serous Fluid

55
Q

The compartment that runs the length of the thoracic cavity between the pleural sacs of the lungs

A

Mediastinium

56
Q

The two hormones counterbalance each other to stabilize blood glucose

A

Insulin and Glucagon

57
Q

Is released when there is high blood sugar and releases glucose from the liver to the blood

A

Insulin

58
Q

Is released when there is low blood sugar and increases cells glucose intake

A

Glucagon

59
Q
  • blood sugar levels are unable to return to normal
    > symptoms - excessive urination, excessive drinking/thirst, fatigue, unexplained weight loss
    > treatment - insulin pumps, diet and exercise, drugs and medication
A

Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes

A&P Unit 1 Introduction (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions