Vocab

Question 1

Organic Chemistry

Answer 1

• the study of carbon compounds

Question 2

Organic Compounds

Answer 2

• a molecular compound containing carbon with the exception of carbon monoxide, CO(g), carbon dioxide, CO2 (g), and hydrogen cyanide, HCN(g)

Question 3

Hydrocarbon

Answer 3

• a compound that is composed only of carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 4

Alkane

Answer 4

• A saturated hydrocarbon, a hydrocarbon in which all bonds between the carbon atoms are sigma (single) bonds and are generally stable

Question 5

Cyclic Alkane

Answer 5

• a hydrocarbon in which the main structure consists of a chain of carbon atoms joined to form a closed ring

Question 6

Alkyl Group

Answer 6

• one or more carbon atoms that form a branch off the main chain of a hydrocarbon

Question 7

Substituent group

Answer 7

• an atom or group that replaces a hydrogen atom in an organic compound

Question 8

Structural Isomer

Answer 8

• a compound that has the same molecular formula as another compound, but a different structure

Question 9

Alkyl Halide

Answer 9

• an alkane in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted with one or more halogen atoms

Question 10

unstaurated hydrocarbon

Answer 10

not full of H, one or more double or triple bonds

Question 11

alkene

Answer 11

one or more double bonds (ene)

Question 12

alkene general formula

Answer 12

CnH2n

Question 13

alkyne

Answer 13

one or more triple bonds (yne)

Question 14

alkyne general formula

Answer 14

CnH2n -2

Question 15

aliphatic hydrocarbon

Answer 15

structure based on straight or branched chains or rings of carbon atoms (all)

Question 16

stereoisomers

Answer 16

molecules with same chem formula and sturctural backbone but diff arrangments of atoms in space and can not rotate about the bonds, only alkenes

Question 17

cis isomer

Answer 17

same side

Question 18

trans isomer

Answer 18

transverse sides

Question 19

bond order

Answer 19

1st = sigma, 2nd on == pi

Question 20

pi bonds

Answer 20

restrict rotation since moving side to side would break these bonds, makes a alkane more reactive since bonds are easily broken

Question 21

double + triple bonds

Answer 21

alkenyne

Question 22

r group

Answer 22

group other than hydrogen, bigger group

Question 23

functional group

Answer 23

a group within a molecule that determines the properties of a molecule (solubility, melting, bonds, reactivity)

Question 24

addition reactions

Answer 24

alkene and alkyne reactions

Question 25

hydrogenation

Answer 25

alkene or alkyne + H = ++saturated , more H

Question 26

halogenation

Answer 26

alkene or alkyne + halogen = bond broken, alkyl halide or halogenated alkene

Question 27

hydrohalogenation

Answer 27

alkene or alkyne + HCl = alkyl halide or halogenated alkene on one atom and an extra H on the other, may be one or two products depending on mirorablity

Question 28

hydration

Answer 28

water + alkene or alkyne = alcohol, one atom gets OH and one gets an extra H

Question 29

Markovnivok’s rule

Answer 29

rich get richer

Question 30

first to identify/isolate benzene

Answer 30

Micheal Faraday`

Question 31

Aromatic hydrocarbon

Answer 31

unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon with a pattern of binding which makes it chemically stable, is more reactive than an alkane but less than an alkene

Question 32

Benzene

Answer 32

special cyclohexene with complete/ high degree of unsaturation

Question 33

characteristics of benzene

Answer 33

regular hexagon, planar, 120 degree, delocalized pi electrons, no add reactions since e are always moving, non polar, insoluble in water

Question 34

phenyl groups

Answer 34

benzene as a substuient

Question 35

o

Answer 35

ortho, 1,2

Question 36

m`

Answer 36

meta, 1,3

Question 37

p

Answer 37

para 1,4

Question 38

common name benzene

Answer 38

methylbenzene as toluene

Question 39

reactivity of unstaurated hydrocarbons

Answer 39

easily react

Question 40

conditions needed for benzene reaction

Answer 40

extreme temp / preassure/ catalyst