Memorize

Question 1

stright chain alkane general formula

Answer 1

C n H 2n+2

Question 2

C = 1

Answer 2

meth -

Question 3

c = 2

Answer 3

eth -

Question 4

c = 3

Answer 4

prop-

Question 5

c = 4

Answer 5

but -

Question 6

c = 5

Answer 6

pent -

Question 7

c= 6

Answer 7

hex -

Question 8

c = 7

Answer 8

hept -

Question 9

c = 8

Answer 9

oct -

Question 10

c = 9

Answer 10

non -

Question 11

c = 10

Answer 11

dec-

Question 12

how to name alkanes

Answer 12

alpha order and by lowest sibstutent number

Question 13

propyl

Answer 13

end connection

Question 14

isoporpyl

Answer 14

middle connecton

Question 15

butyl

Answer 15

end connection

Question 16

s-butyl

Answer 16

second c at end

Question 17

t -butyl

Answer 17

c in the middle

Question 18

isobutyl

Answer 18

c at end when ch3 is present

Question 19

cycloaklane or cyclic alkane general formula

Answer 19

C n H 2n

Question 20

methane vesper shaper

Answer 20

tetrahedral

Question 21

ethane vesper shaper

Answer 21

tetrahedral

Question 22

angle between straight chain alkane carbon atoms and shape or chain

Answer 22

109.5 and zigzag

Question 23

sigma

Answer 23

single covalent bonds found in alkane molecules

Question 24

why is a hydrocarbon non-polar?

Answer 24

H and C have similar electronegativties and the even arrangement of H in alkane melcules

Question 25

Main force in alkane molecules

Answer 25

Van der waals forces which is weak and thus low melting/boiling

Question 26

fractional distillation

Answer 26

temp of fuel ++ means lower chain vaporize first which are than collected and the processes continues ending with similar chain lengths and boiling points togeetehr

Question 27

polarity of alkyl halides

Answer 27

more polar since the halogen attracts e- and thus creates a polar molecule which increases intermolecular strength of forces and thus higher boiling and melting

Question 28

reaction conditions of alkanes

Answer 28

high temp and pressure

Question 29

type?

C2H6 + 02 –\

Answer 29

oxidization

CO2 + H2O + heat

Question 30

type ?

CH4 + Cl2 + energy —-\

Answer 30

substitution (halogenation)

CH3CL + HCl

Question 31

type?

CH3Cl + H2O –\

Answer 31

substitution between halogenoalkanes and hydroxide ions (alchool creation)
CH3OH + HCL

Question 32

3 types of benzene recations

Answer 32

halogenation, nitration and alklation

Question 33

nitration

Answer 33

benzene + HNO3 = benzene, NO2 + H20

Question 34

Alcohol general formula

Answer 34

R-OH where r can be alkyl or aryl

Question 35

alcohol properties

Answer 35

(l) at room temp, h-bonding with other alcohols and water, polar and higher boiling points than parents, good solvents since they can dissolve polar and non-polar compounds

Question 36

alcohol gf

Answer 36

R - OH where r is aryl or alkyl

Question 37

benzene ol

Answer 37

phenol

Question 38

polyalcohols?

Answer 38

more than one r group

Question 39

solublity

Answer 39

simple alcohols = shorter chains - more soluble as size ++ = solublity down

Question 40

Alcohol reactions

Answer 40

hydration with sulfuric acid, combustion, dehydration which sulfuric acid makes a alkene and water

Question 41

Ethers properties

Answer 41

bent, polar (dipole dipole due to C -0), o is bonded to two c groups in a chain, building point = less than alcholds but more than alkanes of similar size, no h bonds, good solvents since can dissolve both and low reactivity

Question 42

ethers gf

Answer 42

r - OH -R

Question 43

etehr reaction

Answer 43

alcohol + aclohol = ether + water

Question 44

thols

Answer 44

an organic compound which contains a sulfhyrl group, strong odour, add odour to natural gas