vocab

Question 1

an abnormality or anomaly of the heart present at birth

Answer 1

congenital heart disease

Question 2

another group of cardiovascular disorders, comprised abnormalities accruing afterbirth that compromise the hearts gunction

Answer 2

acquired heart disorders

Question 3

persistent penile erection sometimes occurs in response to occluded penile veins

Answer 3

priapism

Question 4

when oxygen is released into the tissues, the abnormal hemoglobin becomes more viscous and crystallizes, causing the erythrocyte to change from its characteristic round shape to an elongated, crescent shape

Answer 4

sickled cell

Question 5

antigen present in the human fetus; can be used to evaluate fetal devlopment

Answer 5

alpha-fetoprotien

Question 6

lazy eye; reduction of dimness of vision, especially when there is no apparent pathologic condition of the eye

Answer 6

amblyopia

Question 7

in toxiology, use of a compound to group a toxic substance and make it inactive and this nontoxic. Chelating agents are used in the treatment of metal poisoning

Answer 7

chelation therapy

Question 8

feces mixed with blood and mucus from the intestinal mucosa

Answer 8

currant jelly stools

Question 9

inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney

Answer 9

glomerulonephritis

Question 10

classic sign of Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy; the child’s positions on all fours and uses the hands to walk up the thighs

Answer 10

Gower’s sign

Question 11

A disorder caused by decreased blood supply to the femoral head that results in epiphyseal necrosis or degeneration of the femoral head followed by regeneration or calcification

Answer 11

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Question 12

Hypertrophy of the epidermis, resulting in rough, thickened, leatherlike skin

Answer 12

lichenification

Question 13

Tube formed from the fusion of the neural folds from which the brain and spinal cord arise

Answer 13

neural tube

Question 14

a surgical procedure to wrap the fundus of the stomach around the distal esophagus to prevent reflux of the stomach contents to the esophagus

Answer 14

Nissen fundoplication

Question 15

pain and stiffness of the neck when flexes

Answer 15

nuchal rigidity

Question 16

craving to eat nonfood substances

Answer 16

pica

Question 17

a collection of air or gas in the pleural space causing the lung to collapse

Answer 17

pneumothorax

Question 18

early sign of a developing condition or disease

Answer 18

prodromal

Question 19

partial dislocation

Answer 19

subluxation

Question 20

failure of the ductus arteriosus to close within the first weeks of life allows blood to shunt from the high pressure aorta to the low-pressure pulmonary artery

Answer 20

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 21

abnormal opening in the atrial septum, which enables blood to flow from the higher-pressure left atrium to the lower-pressure right atrium

Answer 21

atrial septal defect

Question 22

abonormal opening in the interventrucular septum, resulting in the flow of blood from the higher-pressure left ventricle to the lower pressure right ventrical

Answer 22

ventricular septal defect

Question 23

involves a combination of four defects 1. pulmonary stenosis 2. ventricular septal defect 3. right ventricular hypertrophy 4. overriding aorta

Answer 23

teralogy of fallot