Disease process

Question 1

failure of the ductus arteriosus to close within the first weeks of life allows blood to shunt from the high-pressure aorta to the low-pressure pulmonary artery

Answer 1

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 2

pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle and the aorta arises from the right ventricle

Answer 2

tranposition of great vessels

Question 3

four defects: pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, and overriding aorta

Answer 3

tetralogy of fallot

Question 4

abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure.

Answer 4

stenosis

Question 5

narrowing of the lumen of the aorta, resulting in increased pressure proximal to the defect and decreased pressure distal to the defect

Answer 5

coarctation of the aorta

Question 6

tricuspid heart valve is missing or abnormally developed. The defect blocks blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle.

Answer 6

tricuspid atresis

Question 7

rare condition that involves inflammation of the blood vessels. It occurs in children.

Answer 7

kawasaki disease

Question 8

most prevalent blood disorder in infancy,

Answer 8

iron deficiency

Question 9

normal adult hemoglobin is partly or completely replaced by abnormal sickle hemoglobin

Answer 9

sickle cell disease

Question 10

isolated low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) with normal bone marrow and the absence of other causes of thrombocytopenia.

Answer 10

idopathic thrombocytopenia purpara

Question 11

lifelong bleeding disorder inherited as an x-linked recessive disorder

Answer 11

hemophilia

Question 12

malignant diseases of bone marrow and the lymphatic system

Answer 12

leukemia

Question 13

infestation of lice—blood-feeding ectoparasitic insects of the order Phthiraptera.

Answer 13

pediculosis

Question 14

skin disease caused by a very small type of mite

Answer 14

scabies

Question 15

known as threadworm or seatworm, is a nematode and a common intestinal parasite, especially in humans

Answer 15

pin worms

Question 16

popularly known as beaver fever — is a parasitic disease caused by the flagellate protozoan Giardia lamblia

Answer 16

giardiasis

Question 17

developmental abnormality of the femoral head, the acetabulum, or both

Answer 17

developmental dysplasia

Question 18

congenital deformity of the foot and anlkle of which there are many types

Answer 18

talipes

Question 19

a twisted neck in which the head is tipped to one side, while the chin is turned to the other.

Answer 19

torticollis

Question 20

sudden (acute) brain damage and liver function problems of unknown cause. The syndrome has occurred in children who have been given aspirin when they have chicken pox or the flu.

Answer 20

reyes syndrome

Question 21

a bacterial infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord

Answer 21

meningitis

Question 22

is a neural tube defect characterized by sac-like protrusions of the brain and the membranes that cover it through openings in the skull.

Answer 22

encepholele

Question 23

s a developmental congenital disorder caused by the incomplete closing of the embryonic neural tube

Answer 23

spina bifida

Question 24

buildup of fluid inside the skull that leads to brain swelling

Answer 24

hydrocephely

Question 25

a convulsion in a child triggered by a fever

Answer 25

febrile seizures

Question 26

a disorder in which the two eyes do not line up in the same direction, and therefore do not look at the same object at the same time.

Answer 26

strabisumus

Question 27

rooping or falling of the upper or lower eyelid.

Answer 27

ptosis

Question 28

medical term for middle ear infection

Answer 28

ostitis media

Question 29

nosebleed

Answer 29

epistaxis

Question 30

birth defects that occur when a baby’s lip or mouth do not form properly.

Answer 30

cleft lip palate