vocab 1 Flashcards
Movement of the limbs away from the body, such as lifting the arm out to the side
Abduction
Movement of the limbs toward the body, such as bringing the arm close to the body from the side
Adduction
Front
Anterior:
A child with apraxia is often unaware that they are carrying or using their affected limb for a particular task
Apraxia
Tearing away; the nerve root being torn out of the spinal cord is the most severe type of nerve injury
Avulsion:
A wasting away, in the size of a cell, tissue, organ or part
Axilla: under the arm; the armpit
Atrophy
under the arm; the armpit
Axilla
Both sides
Bilateral
A network of 5 nerves that extend from the spinal column in the neck down to the fingers
Brachial Plexus
The neck area
Cervical:
Collarbone
Clavicle
A permanent shortening (as of muscle tendons or scar tissue that produces deformity or distortion)
Contracture
A test in which a small needle is inserted, to record electrical activity of the muscles
Electromyography (EMG):
The movement of two elements of any jointed body part are directed away from each other (straightened)
Extension
A muscle that extends or straightens a body part, such as a finger or an arm
Extensor
Weak, lacking firmness, muscle tone and resilience
Flaccid
Moving a joint inward to bring it closer to the body (bend)
Flexion
A muscle that bends or flexes any body part, such as the arm or hand
Flexor
A nerve condition which involves a drooping eyelid (ptosis), constricted pupil, enophthalmos (sunken eyeball) and lack of sweating on one side of the face
Horner’s Syndrome:
low muscle tone, often involving reduced muscle strength
Hypotonia
a team of medical professionals that work together to support the patient; a multidisciplinary team for brachial plexus specialization would include a pediatric neurologist, rehabilitation physician, specialized and experienced surgeons, OT/PT
Multidisciplinary Team:
A physician who diagnoses and treats disorders of the nervous system
Neurologist
Surgical removal or part of a neuroma
Neurolysis
A benign tumor composed of nerve cells, or scar tissue that forms when there is nerve damage
Neuroma
When the gap between nerve ends is so large that it is not possible to have a tension-free repair using the end-to-end techniques or with nerve grafts
Nerve grafting
This is used generally in those cases where there is an avulsion; donor nerves are used for the repair
Neurotization
The nerve has been stretched and damaged but not torn
Neurapraxia
A health care professional who provides services designed to restore self-care, work, and leisure skills to patients who have specific performance incapacities or deficits that reduce their abilities to cope with the tasks of everyday living
Occupational Therapist (OT)
A physician specializing in physical medicine and rehabilitation; help restore optimal function to people with injuries to the muscles, bones, tissues and nervous system
Physiatrist
A rehabilitation professional who promotes optimal health and functional independence through the application of scientific principles to prevent, identify, assess, correct, or alleviate acute or chronic movement dysfunction, physical disability, or pain
Physical Therapist (PT)
Back
Posterior:
Closest
Proximal:
The range through which a joint can be moved, usually its range of flexion and extension; Active range of motion (AROM) is the active movement of the muscle and Passive range of motion (PROM) is the motion range of a joint through manual assistance
Range of motion (ROM)
Torn nerve or tissue
Rupture
Lying on the back
Supine
A contracted state of the cervical muscles, producing twisting of the neck and an unnatural position of the head
Torticollis:
