athletic injuries Flashcards
injuries
acute and chronic
acute
sudden onset
traumatic
chronic
overuse
repetitive activites
types of injuries
closed and open wounds
closed and open wounds
skin
muskuloskeletal
types of stress that cause injury
tension stretching compression shearing bending
stretching
going beyond the yield point leading to a rupture of soft tissue or fracturing a bone
ex: sprain, strain, avulsion fracture
compression
force with enough energy to crush a tissue
ex: fracture, contusion, arthritic changes
shearing
a force that moves across the parallel organization of tissue
ex: blister, abrasion, vertebral disk injury
closed wounds
contusion, strain, sprains, dislocation, fractures
bruise or charley horse direct blow to body part pain temporary LOM, bruising or dislocation, swelling RICE, stretch can develop mysoitis ossification
contusi
injury to ligament “rolling or twisting”
moving joint beyond normal ROM
pain, swelling, discoloration, LOM
RICE, crutches, immobilization, MR
sprain
degrees of sprains
1st, 2nd, 3rd
1st degree sprain
stretching ligament minimal instability of joint mild to moderate pain swelling joint stiffness point tenderness discoloration
2nd degree sprain
partial tearing of ligament moderate joint instability moderate to sever pain swelling joint stiffness point tenderness discoloration inability to bear weight
3rd degree
complete tearing of ligament joint instability sever pain swelling discoloration join stiffness point tenderness
injury to muscle or tendon- “pulling”
stretching beyond a normal range or strong muscle contraction
pain, swelling, discoloration, divot, LOM
RICE, crutches, MR
strains
1st degree of strain
overstretching of muscle or tendon
no tearing of tissue
2nd degree of strain
portal tearing of muscle or tendon
3rd degree
complete tear or rupture of tissue
partial or incomplete dislocation
joint stretched beyond normal ROM
pain, swelling, LOM
RICE, immobilize
subluxation
broken
great force on the bone that moves it or bends beyond the “break” point
fracture
fixing fracture
casting
internal and external fixations
top layer of skin are rubbed off
abrasion
body part or skin partially or completely torn away from body
avulsions and amputaions
inflammation of a tendon due to overuse
tendinitis
inflammation of tendon surrounded by a synovial sheath
tenosynovitis
fibroplasia- period of scar formation
begins with first few hours
lasts 4
fiber building cells that lay fibers across injured areas
fibrblastic repair phase
