VNAV AUTOFLIGHT Flashcards
On the ND, what is the criteria for airfields to be displayed as a blue circle? If it is displayed can you use it?
Has a LDA of min 6’000 ft
What are the normal cruise modes?
SPD - LNAV - VNAV PATH
What are the criteria that must be met to be allowed intercept the Glide Slope from above?
- Must be established on localizer with LOC capture
- GS must be armed
- Alt to be set is not less than 1’000 ft AAL
How much off path do you have to be before VNAV PATH changes to VNAV SPD?
150ft
With a strong headwind above the first speed restriction in a VNAV descent, what would happen as your speed decreased?
Speed can drop 15 kts below your VNAV descent speed, at which point the A/T will engage and thrust mode changed from HOLD to SPD
With a strong headwind below the first speed restriction in a VNAV descent, what would happen as your speed decreased?
Speed can drop 10 kts below your VNAV descent speed, at which point the A/T will engage and thrust mode changed from HOLD to SPD
During a high speed climb out from VHHH to FL110, ATC asks you to level off at 9’000 ft. What mode do you use to get the aircraft to level off?
V/S
After a level off due traffic in the climb out from VHHH, what mode do you use to continue a high speed climb?
FLCH is high speed and later change to VNAV
VNAV can be used all the way if its not high speed climb
What mode changes do you get when commencing a normal descent?
SPD LNAV VNAV PATH (in cruise)
then
IDLE/HOLD LNAV VNAV PATH
- ATC asks you to expedite your descent? What modes do you use and what does the FMA show?
- What will the FMA show after level off?
- You re-select VNAV, what modes will you see?
- FLCH and spd brakes
FMA will show HOLD LNAV FLCH SPD - SPD LNAV ALT
- SPD LNAV VNAV ALT
You have leveled off below the planned path on a climb. What FMA modes will you see?
SPD LNAV VNAV ALT
- ATC delays your descent and you fly past your TOD point. What FMA modes will you see?
- You now start your descent, what modes will you get?
- SPD LNAV VNAV ALT
- THR LNAV VNAV SPD
then
HOLD LNAV VNAV SPD
- What would happen to an aircraft above the first altitude speed constraint, if it’s speed kept increasing?
- What happens if speed decreases?
- First you will see “DRAG REQUIRED” at 314 kts
At 319 kts the aircraft will start pitching up to stop further acceleration
When 150ft above path FMA will change from VNAV PATH to VNAV SPD and speed would be reset to 314 kts - If decreasing more than 15 kts below target speed the A/T changes the mode from IDLE/HOLD to SPD.
If A/T is not active, speed is allowed to decrease to MMS where VNAV will allow the plane to fly below the path to stop further deceleration. If you then go more than 150 ft below path, VNAV PATH changes to VNAV SPD and target speed is reset to 5 kts above the greater of
a) Best holding speed
b) MMS
- What is the best technique to get down quickly if you are held too high compared to your profile?
FLCH or VNAV SPD with speed brake
If high on proflie with the need to descend quickly and at the same time decelerate. What is the best technique?
V/S to control descent
Speed brake to control deceleration
What is the maximum vertical speed at lower altitudes?
1 min to live
4000 ft/min at 4000ft
In what situation should speedbrakes normally be used?
To solve excess energy (speed AND altitude)
Why should we not use FLCH below 1000ft?
Should not use FLCH for a visual descent below 1000 ft without autopilot. If you use FLCH and retard the throttles manually for 1,2 sec it goes into HOLD. In HOLD the auto throttles won’t wake up when speed decreases if you for instance try to level off to regain your visual glidepath
Does FLCH take altitude constraints into account?
No
What happens if you push TOGA a second time on the runway and speed is above 80kts?
LNAV and VNAV will disarm
What happens if you push TOGA once airborne?
THR REF engages and derates are taken away
What is the command target speed for take-off?
Pitch command target is V2+15
If speed is greater than that for 5 sec the target changes to V2+25
What FMA indications do you expect to see at 400ft?
THR REF LNAV VNAV SPD
What FMA indications do you expect to see after resuming a climb following a level off on departure?
THR REF LNAV VNAV SPD
When choosing FLCH for a climb, what is the A/T trying to achive?
Thrust for a 500fpm vertical speed for each 1000 ft of altitude change
After level off from a FLCH climb, what FMA indications do you expect to see?
SPD LNAV ALT
After a climb in FLCH or V/S, you level off. When continuing climb you choose VNAV. What FMA indications do you expect to see?
THR REF LNAV VNAV SPD
After reaching your cruise level, what FMA indications do you expect to see?
SPD LNAV VNAV PATH
When will ATT mode engage on the FMA?
If F/D are off and bank angle is more than 5 deg
What is the “Bank limit selector “ used for?
To limit bank angle when in HDG/TRK SELECT
- What is the definition of an “early descent”?
- What FMA indications will you see and how will the PATH be captured?
- A descent within 50nm of TOD
- THR LNAV VNAV SPD
Aircraft decends at 1250fpm until path is captured
If the speed window is not opened on an ILS approach, when will it automatically open? And at what speed?
Will open at current speed when the G/S is captured
At what altitude on approach will the rudder be controlled by the autopilot?
1500 ft
At what altitude will FLARE mode engage?
60-40ft RA
At what altitude will ROLLOUT engage?
2ft RA
At what altitude, on an approach, will thrust mode change to IDLE?
25 ft RA
When will “APPROCH LOGIC” be engaged during an approach? And what feature will now be available?
Goes to APPROACH LOGIC:
- Descent phase is active and flaps are out
- First waypoint of the active approach is sequenced
- The active waypoint is the MAP and distance is less than 25nm
- The speed window can be open and still be in VNAV PATH when on approach logic
- The MCP altitude can be set above the aircraft altitude for the missed approach. You have to be at least 300 ft below the MAP altitude before setting it.
- What is the max ECON speed that VNAV will command during a descent?
- What is the max manually entered speed that VNAV will command during a descent?
- 314 kts (VMO/MMO - 16kts)
- 319 kts (VMO/MMO -11 kts)
Why does VNAV use 240 kts below 10’000 as a target speed?
To allow for unknown tail winds
- What would happen to an aircraft below the first altitude speed constraint, if it’s speed kept increasing?
- What happens if speed decreases?
- With more than 10 kts above target speed, DRAG REQUIRED comes up- Aircraft may accelerate up to 15 kts above target speed to maintain path. Max speed excursion is 5kts above transition speed if below transition altitude for the airport. Nose will pitch up if further speed reduction is required. If that leads to being more than 150 ft above PATH, VNAV PATH changes to VNAV SPD and a speed 10 kts less than transition speed is commanded
- If 10 kts below target speed the A/T changes from IDLE/HOLD to SPD. Speed may decrease to MMS and aircraft is allowed to fly below PATH to regain speed. If more than 150ft off PATH, VNAV PATH changes to VNAV SPD and a speed of 10 kts below transition speed is commanded but not less than MMS
When is TOGA armed for a missed approach?
Armed if Flaps are out or G/S is captured
What are the FMA modes for the first TOGA push during a missed approach?
THR TOGA TOGA
What vertical speed is commanded during a first TOGA push missed approach?
2000 fpm
When will LNAV engage during a missed approach?
50ft if autopilot is not engaged
200ft if autopilot is engaged
When will autopilot rudder control disengage?
With activation of LNAV during a LAND 2 or LAND 3 approach
What happens with the 2nd TOGA push during a missed approach?
THR REF is engaged. LNAV remains engaged.
What FMA indications will you see after level off during a missed approach?
SPD LNAV ALT
What speed is commanded after level off from a missed approach?
- Flap placard speed - 5 kts
- 250 kts if flaps are up
- Speed entered in the IAS/Mach window after TOGA was pushed
- How is TOGA mode terminated on departure, above and below 400ft?
- Below 400 ft: Disengage autopilot and turn F/D off or with automatic LNAV activation
- Above 400 ft: By selecting a different roll or pitch mode
How can the LOC mode be disarmed before LOC capture and after capture?
Before capture:
- Push LOC a 2nd time
- Pushing LNAV
After capture:
- Push TOGA
- Disengage autopilot and de-select F/D
- Select a roll mode other than LNAV
- Push LOC a 2nd time, if above 1500 ft
How can APP mode be de-selected once armed and captured?
- Push APP above1500 ft
- Auto pilot off and F/D off
- Push TOGA, after LOC and G/S capture
- With LOC capture and G/S armed, select HDG
When are WARNING sounds inhibited?
From V1 until 400ft
When is CAUTION attention getters inhibited?
From 80kts until 800 ft
When is the STATUS CUE inhibited?
From 1st engine start until 30 min after liftoff
When will ENG FAIL come up on the PFD?
From 65 kts until V1-6kts
What FMA mode changes would you expect to see during an engine failure with a subsequent drift down?
SPD LNAV VNAV PATH (in cruise)
THR LNAV VNAV SPD (as the aircraft tries to go for eng out speed)
SPD LNAV VNAV PATH
What FMA mode changes would you expect to see during a decompression with a subsequent rapid descent?
SPD LNAV VNAV PTH
HOLD TRK SEL FLCH SPD
SPD TRK SEL ALT (with LNAV armed)
SPD LNAV ALT
At what Mach.nr speed does the reference speed change from IAS to Mach.nr during a climb?
At Mach .84
At what speed does Mach change to IAS during a descent?
At 310 kts IAS
