VN 17 Cardiovascular System Study Guide Test 8-DONE

Question 1

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   A. EPICARDIUM (pg.326)

Answer 1

Outermost layer of the wall of the heart. Thin transparent layer composed of serous tissue & mesothelium (type of epithelial tissue)

Question 2

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   B.Myocardium (pg.326)

Answer 2

Second layer of the wall of the heart, makes up the bulk of the heart.
Layer of of cardiac muscle tissue, cells or fibers are involuntary, striated & branched. Responsible for contraction of the heart.

Question 3

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   D. Superior vena cava (pg.329)

Answer 3

Also known as the anterior vena cava.

Brings blood from the upper parts of the body, the head, neck & arms.

Question 4

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   E.veins (pg.333)

Answer 4

Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart

Are made of the same 3 coats or tunics as arteries but have less elastic tissue & smooth muscle but more white fibrous connective tissue in the outer layer or adventitia.

Capable of distention to adapt to variations of blood volume & pressure.

Question 5

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   F. Heart (pg.499 & 325)

Answer 5

Major pumping organ of the cardiovascular system

Positioned obliquely between the lungs in the mediastinum. 2/3 of its bulk lies to the left side of the midline of the body. Shaped like a blunt cone about the size of a closed fist.

Question 6

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   H.Bicuspid Valve aka mitral valve(pg.329)

Answer 6

The antrioventricular valve between the left atrium & the left ventricle.

it has two cusps or flaps, whose pointed ends project down into the ventricle w/the same structures as the tricuspid valve. It is the only valve in the heart with only two cusps; all others have three cusps.

Question 7

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   I. Inferior Vena Cava (pg.329)

Answer 7

brings blood from the lower parts of the body, the legs, and abdomen

Also known as the posterior vena cava

Question 8

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   J. Bundle of his (pg.330)

Answer 8

Tract of conducting fibers from the AV node that runs through the cardiac mass to the top of the interventricular septum.

Question 9

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   K.coronary circulation (pg.331)

Answer 9

The coronary circulation route supplies the myocardium of the heart.

Question 10

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   L.cerebral circulation (pg.332)

Answer 10

Is the blood circulatory route that supplies the brain with oxygen and nutrients and disposes of waste.

Question 11

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   N.capillaries (pg.333)

Answer 11

Are microscopic vessels made of simple squamous epithelial cells, one cell layer thick, called endothelium.

primary critical function is to permit the exchange of nutrients and oxygen and waste and carbon dioxide between the blood and the tissue cells of the body.

Question 12

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   P.Hepatic portal vein (pg.499&340)

Answer 12

Drains the organs of the digestive tract & goes to the liver.
Veins merging into the inferior vena cava

Question 13

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   Q. Infarct (pg.500 & 337)

Answer 13

An area of damaged cardiac tissue. Can be caused by inadequate blood flow

Question 14

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   R. Stenosis (pg.510 & 338)

Answer 14

a narrowed opening through the heart valves.
A congenital heart defect.

Question 15

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   S. Arrhythmia (pg.338)

Answer 15

Any deviation from a normal heartbeat rhythm(irregular heart beat)

2 kinds examples are bradycardia & tachycardia.

can be brought on by excessive sympathetic innervation by the autonomic nervous system, elevated body temperature, or drug interactions.

Question 16

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   T. Murmur (pg.338)

Answer 16

Abnormal heart sound akin to a fluttering or a humming sound like a gentle blowing.

is indicative of a heart abnormality like stenosis of a heart valve or an incompetent heart valve

Question 17

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   U. Angioplasty (pg.340)

Answer 17

The reconstruction of a diseased coronary artery by inserting a small balloon through the aorta and into a coronary artery.

Allows more blood to flow through the artery.

Question 18

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   V. Mediastinum (pg. 503 &325)

Answer 18

the space between the lungs.

This is where the heart is positioned.

Question 19

1. DEFINE AND DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS:
   W. Valves (pg.343)

Answer 19

Valves prevent blood from back flowing.

Control the direction of blood flow through the heart. Opening and closing of the heart valves produce the heart beat sounds.