Viti

Question 1

At what temperature do vines emerge from dormancy in the spring?

Answer 1

50F

Question 2

What is budbreak?

Answer 2

The first stage of the annual lifecycle in the spring, when shoots and leaves emerge from the buds left after pruning.

Question 3

What is the biggest climatic concern from budbreak to fruit set?

Answer 3

Frost.

Question 4

What is flowering, and when does it occur?

Answer 4

The blooming of the embryo bunches into flowers, occurring 6-13 weeks after budbreak.

Question 5

How does Fruit Set occur?

Answer 5

The grapevine self-pollinates, and each fertilized bloom becomes a grape.

Question 6

What is “shatter?”

Answer 6

Fruit set usually only occurs successfully at about 30%; the remaining embryo berries “shatter,” falling from the cluster.

Question 7

What is veraison?

Answer 7

The transfer of the vine’s energy from vegetative growth to reproduction; indicated by the change in color on the grapes. This is also when sugars move from the leaves into the grapes.

Question 8

What is the French term for harvest?

Answer 8

Vendange

Question 9

What is the ideal annual temperature for viticulture?

Answer 9

50-68F, with 57F being the sweet spot

Question 10

What is the average summer temperature required to ripen red grapes?

Answer 10

70F

Question 11

What is the average summer temperature required to ripen white grapes?

Answer 11

66F

Question 12

Viticulture generally exists between which latitudinal parallels?

Answer 12

30-50

Question 13

What is the California Heat Summation Index?

Answer 13

A scale dividing climates into 5 regions based on the number of Degree Days.

Question 14

What is the equation for Degree Days?

Answer 14

days in the month x mean # of degrees over 50F for that month. Month totals are added together to arrive at the summation.

Question 15

What dates define the growing season?

Answer 15

April 1st to October 31st.

Question 16

How many Degree Days in Region 1?

Answer 16

Less than 2500

Question 17

How many Degree Days in Region 2?

Answer 17

2500-3000

Question 18

How many Degree Days in Region 3?

Answer 18

3000-3500

Question 19

How many Degree Days in Region IV?

Answer 19

3500-4000

Question 20

How many Degree Days in Region V?

Answer 20

More than 4000

Question 21

High soil pH results in what?

Answer 21

High grape acidity (low pH)

Question 22

High soil acidity (low pH) can be counteracted by what?

Answer 22

Lime

Question 23

What is selection massale?

Answer 23

Replanting from a number of vines throughout the vineyard, which allows the grower to select the best vines to propagate, but retains some genetic diversity in the vineyard.

Question 24

What is clonal selection?

Answer 24

Replanting with one specific clone

Question 25

What is the minimum amount of sunshine required to support viticulture?

Answer 25

1300 hours annually

Question 26

How much rainfall does the average vine require in in a year?

Answer 26

20-30 inches

Question 27

Heat affects:

Answer 27

Sugar, acid, tannin

Question 28

Light affects:

Answer 28

Phenolic development

Question 29

What are the two main types of vine training?

Answer 29

Head-training | Cordon-training

Question 30

What kind of pruning may be used with head-trained vines?

Answer 30

Spur OR Cane Pruning

Question 31

What kind of pruning may be used with cordon-trained vines?

Answer 31

Spur pruning ONLY

Question 32

What is albarello?

Answer 32

Italian for en gobelet

Question 33

What is en vaso?

Answer 33

Spanish for en gobelet

Question 34

No. 500

Answer 34

Cow Manure Placed in a cow horn and buried underground for the winter; in the spring the horn is dug up, the manure mixed with water and sprayed on the vines. Stimulates growth.

Question 35

No. 501

Answer 35

Horn-Silica Ground silica is mixed with rainwater and packed in a cowhorn, buried in the spring and dug up in autumn, then sprayed on crops. Stimulates growth.

Question 36

No. 502

Answer 36

Yarrow Blossoms Flower heads are placed in a stag’s bladder and applied to compost. Compost Inoculation

Question 37

No. 503

Answer 37

Chamomile Blossoms Flower heads are buried in the ground and then reapplied to compost Compost inoculation

Question 38

No. 504

Answer 38

Stinging Nettle Applied to compost. A tea may also be made and sprayed on low vigor vines. Compost Inoculation

Question 39

No. 505

Answer 39

Oak Bark Bark is buried in the skull of a domestic animal, then applied to compost Compost Inoculation

Question 40

No. 506

Answer 40

Dandelion Flowers Placed in cow mesentery (peritoneum, or abdominal lining), then applied to compost. Compost Inoculation

Question 41

No. 507

Answer 41

Valerian Flowers Flowers are juiced, then applied to compost. Compost Inoculation

Question 42

No. 508

Answer 42

Horsetail Plant Used to prepare tea. Foliar spray against fungal disease.