Vine Disease Flashcards
What are the four main types of vine diseases?
Fungal
Viral
Bacterial
Phytoplasma
How are fungal diseases spread?
Typically associated with warm or damp climates, manifesting as mildew or mold.
Spread by wind and rain.
How are viral diseases spread?
Grafting or insects; often incurable, usually controlled by removal.
What are phytoplasma diseases caused by? How are they spread?
Caused by phytoplasms, which are pathogens similar to bacteria. However, they often exhibit similar symptoms to viral diseases, and are also spread by grafting or insects.
Original latin for Phylloxera?
Phylloxera Vastatrix
Current latin for Phylloxera?
Daktulosphaira vitifoliae
Cause, origin, and effects of Powdery Mildew?
Fungal.
Originally from the Americas; now worldwide.
Inhibits flowering, veraison, and creates off-flavors in the wine.
Powdery mildew is also known as what? Why?
Oidium.
During its anamorph (sexual reproductive) phase, known as Oidium tuckerii
Cause, origin, and effects of Downy Mildew?
Fungal (plasmopara viticola).
Originally from the Americas, now throughout Europe. Cannot tolerate arid climates.
Causes leaves to drop off, affecting photosynthesis.
What popular fungicide was created to prevent downy mildew?
Bordeaux Mixture (Copper Sulfate, water, lime)
Downy Mildew is also called what?
Peronospora (the name for the class of water molds to which it belongs[?])
Cause and effects of Eutypa Dieback?
Fungal (eutypa lata).
Common in Mediterranean climates.
Stunts shoot growth, may kill the infected cane. AFFECTS CROP SIZE, NOT QUALITY
Common name for Eutypa Dieback?
Dead Arm
Cause, spread, and effects of Esca?
Fungal.
Seen worldwide, mostly in warmer climates.
In young vines: weakens growth, affects berry development, and discolors leaves.
In older vines, causes the vine wood to rot from
within; usually kills vines by 30 years of age.
Esca is also known as what?
Black Measles