Vitamins Micronutrients With Macro Powers (C.6) Flashcards
What are vitamins?
Micronutrients that contains carbon.
What are vitamins classified as?
Fat soluble or water soluble.
What does fat soluble vitamins consist of?
Vitamin A, D, E and K.
What is mega-dosing?
Taking vitamins ten or more times the recommended amount.
What’s the difference between water-soluble and fat soluble?
Fat soluble are not soluble in water and are found in foods
Water soluble can dissolve in water and
What do water-soluble consist of?
Vitamin C and B
Name 3 health problems from people who have fat-soluble deficiencies.
Night blindness, fragile bones, and death.
What is metabolism?
Physical processes that breaks down and builds molecules.
What does vitamin A protect?
Vision
What is retina?
A delicate membrane lining the inner eyeball.
What part of the eyeball the retina connects to?
The optic nerve.
What are cell differentiation?
When immature cells develop into specialized cells that perform unique functions.
What are provitamins?
Inactive forms of vitamins the body can’t use until converted to an active form.
What is Beta-carotene?
A water soluble provitamin found in fruits and vegetables.
What is beta-carotenoid classified as?
Carotenoid.
Define carotenoid.
Fat-soluble plant pigment the body stores in the liver and adipose tissues.
Name 4 health benefits does carotenoid gives the body
- ) Defend damage to cell membranes.
- ) enhance immune system.
- ) protect skin from sun burn.
- ) prevent or delay age related vision impairment.
List four symptoms of vitamin A deficiency.
- ) Night blindness.
- ) Imparted immunity.
- ) Increase risk of illnesses and infections. 4.) Reproductive system disorders.
What does vitamin D do for the body bones?
Guard our bones.
Why is vitamin D considered a hormone?
Because it regulates various activities in other parts of the body.
What cause rickets?
Vitamin D.
What are rickets?
Skelton deformities.
- ) Knocked knees
- ) bowed legs.
What does vitamin K protects?
Blood loss and blood clotting.
List two vitamins that are antioxidant.
Vitamin E and C.
Define antioxidants.
Vitamins ad minerals that protects cells against oxidation.
What is oxidation?
Chemical reactions exchange oxygen.
What are free radicals?
Unstable atoms with impaired electrons.
How does vitamin C and D work together?
Stabilizes free radicals by stopping chain reactions of cell membrane injury.
What does vitamin E protect?
Red blood cells an lung cells.
List two things vitamin C protect?
Cells and tissue.
Taking vitamin supplements daily will not prevent colds but may reduce their duration. True or False.
True.
List two things that destroys vitamin C.
- ) Oxygen.
2. ) Heat.
What does vitamin B do for the body?
Provide energy.
How does vitamin B in energizing the metabolism?
It assist the chemical reaction that release energy from carbohydrates, fats, and protein.
What breaks down carbohydrates an fat?
Riboflavin.
Fill in the blank
Blank, assist with energy and build and repair DNA
Niacin.
What is Pellagra?
Severe niacin deficiency.
What is atrophic-gastritis?
When the stomach acid declines and cannot make room for vitamin B12.
What are dietary supplements?
Supplements that contains dietary ingredients.
What is Cancer?
A group of diseases characterized by cells that grow out of control.
What are Tumors?
Masses of immature cells that have no useful function.
How many stages does Cancer develop?
3 Stages.
Define the initiation.
When a cell’s DNA change due to exposure to virus, toxic chemicals, or permanent changes in cells that cause the to enter into the next stage.
Define Promotion.
When cells repeatedly divides.
What happens during progression phase?
The cancerous cells grow their own blood vessels, which supply them with blood and nutrients, and invade adjacent tissues.
What kind of diet can prevent cancer?
A diet high in Antioxidants
Why is it a better choice to eat foods that are high in antioxidants versus taking vitamins that contains an increase level of antioxidants?
Because, it is possible for vitamins to be toxic due to its high dosage, and because may contribute to healthful effects.
What are phytochemical?
Pigments that are found in plants health promoting effects, and may decrease risks of cancer.
What are the 3 stages of Cancer
- ) Initiation
- ) Promotion
- ) Progression
