Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards
Name sources of vitamin A
Yellow, orange fruits, dark leafy greens, cantaloupe, fish, liver, carrots, fortified skim milk, apricots, sweet potato
Name sources of vitamin D
Sunlight, egg yolk, fortified milk
Name sources of vitamin D
Sunlight, egg yolk, fortified milk
Name sources of vitamin E
Vegetable oils, whole grains, green vegetables, almonds
Name sources of vitamin K
Spinach, kale, broccoli, green leafy vegetables
Name sources of vitamin K
Spinach, kale, broccoli, green leafy vegetables
Name sources of thiamin
Grains, wheat germ, pork, liver
Name sources of riboflavin
Liver, kidney, meat, milk
Name sources of niacin
Protein, peanuts, ready to eat cereals, chicken, rice, yeast, milk
Name sources of folate
Fortified dry cereal, liver, kidney, green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, lentils, beans
Name sources of folate
Fortified dry cereal, liver, kidney, green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, lentils, beans
Name sources of vitamin B6
Meat, wheat, corn, yeast, pork, ready to eat cereals
Name sources of vitamin B6
Meat, wheat, corn, yeast, pork, ready to eat cereals
Name sources of B12
Liver, meat, milk, kidney, eggs, fish, cheese
Name sources of ascorbic acid
Citrus fruits, potatoes, papaya, dark green and yellow vegetables
Name sources of biotin
Liver, kidney, egg yolk, yeast
Name sources of calcium
Dairy products, leafy vegetables, legumes
Name sources of calcium
Dairy products, leafy vegetables, legumes
Name sources of phosphorous
Meat, milk, poultry, eggs, fish, cheese
Name sources of heme iron
Animal foods, meat, fish, poultry
Name sources of non-heme iron
Cereals, vegetables
Name sources of magnesium
Most foods, milk, bread
Which B vitamin is Pyridoxine?
B6
Which B vitamin is cyanocobalamin?
B12
Name consequences of a vitamin A deficiency
Nyctalopia or night blindness (reversible)
Xeropthalmia - corneal damage
Name consequences of a vitamin E deficiency
Hemolytic anemia
Name sources of zinc
Meat, liver, eggs, fish
Name sources of iodine
Seafoods, iodized salt
Name sources of fluoride
Soil and water
Name sources of copper
Liver, kidney, shellfish
Name sources of selenium
Soil, grains, meat, fish, poultry, dairy
Name sources of manganese
Whole grains, legumes, nuts
Name sources of chromium
Yeast, oysters, potatoes, liver
Name sources of sulfur
Meat, fish, eggs, poultry
Name sources of choline
Fat in eggs, milk, liver, soybeans
Thiamin is also known as vitamin B_
B1
Riboflavin is also known as vitamin B_
B2
Pyridoxine is also known as vitamin B_
B6
Vitamin B12 is also known as _
cyanocobalamin
Vitamin C is also known as
ascorbic acid
What is the toxic level of vitamin A
10,000 U
Name consequences of a thiamin deficiency
beriberi, muscle weakness, foot rop, memory loss, tachycardia
Name consequences of a riboflavin deficiency
cheilosis - cracked lips, angular stomatitis - mouth corner cracks
Name consequences of a niacin deficiency
pellagra, dermatitis
Name consequences of a folate deficiency
megaloblastic, macrocytic anemia
Name consequences of a pyridoxine deficiency
seizures, anemia, dermatitis, glossitis, peripheral neuropathy
Name consequences of a vitamin C deficiency
Scurvy, poor wound healing, bleeding gums, petechiae
Name consequences of an iron deficiency
pale tongue, fatigue, anemia, spoon shaped nails
Describe wilson’s disease
low serum copper due to a genetic absence of liver enzyme
Vitamin E is also known as _
Tocopherol
What does vitamin K form in the liver?
prothrombin
What is the main function of thiamin?
Oxidation of CHO
When is thiamin lost from food?
when temperature or pH rises
_ is the precursor to niacin
tryptophan
Describe the function of folate.
DNA synthesis, forms RBC, prevents neural tube defects
As protein in the diet increases, the need for pyridoxine _
increases
Pantothenic acid acts as _ in the Kreb’s cycle
Acetyl CoA
Describe the function of vitamin C
changes proline to hydroxyproline into collagen which strengthens intercellular substances; would healing, aids iron absorption
name the functions of calcium
blood clotting, cardiac function, nerve transmission, smooth muscle contractility
name the functions of phosphorous
phospholipids transport fat through lymph/blood; bone and teeth
name the function of iron
oxygen transport
name the function of magnesium
protein and fatty acid synthesis, stabilizes structure of ATP
High protein, calcium, and vitamin D _ the need for magnesium
increases
name the function of zinc
increases taste acuity, enhances insulin action
describe the function of selenium
antioxidant
name the function of chromium
aids insulin action, glucose metabolism
choline is a component of _
lecithin
sulfur is a part of _
amino acids
copper is attached to _
the protein ceruloplasmin
magnesium is a part of _
chlorophyll
the storage form of iron is _
ferritin
the absorbable form of iron is _
ferrous
biotin is synthesized by _
intestinal bacteria
describe the function of biotin
it is a coenzyme in fatty acid synthesis, converts pyruvate to oxacetate in gluconeogenesis
