Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards
Folate: Solubility, Function, Deficiency, Toxicity, Food Sources
Vitamin. water, DNA synthesis and red blood cells, anemia/neural tube defects/spina bifida/anencephaly, non-toxic, greens/vegetables/seeds/enriched foods
B12 solubility, function, deficiency, toxicity, food sources
Vitamin. water, protects nerve fibers and works with folate to produce red blood cells, nerve paralysis and damage/anemia, non toxic, animal foods: milk cheese and eggs
Vitamin C
Vitamin. water, collagen and antioxidant, unlikely to be deficient unless you are an infant or old person, nontoxic, oranges/citrus/broccoli/cantaloupe/strawberries
Vitamin A solubility, function, deficiency, toxicity, food source
Vitamin. fat, epithelial tissues and production of sperm/normal development of fetuses/immune response/hearing/taste/growth, night blindness, joint pain/dry skin/hair loss/ irritability/ fatigue/ headaches/ weakness/ nausea/ liver damage, bright green yellow orange and red fruits and vegetables/ milk/ cheese/ butter/ eggs/ liver
Vitamin D: solubility, function, deficiency, toxicity, food
Vitamin. Fat soluble, bone making/ bone Maintenace/ absorption of dietary calcium, osteomalacia and rickets, nontoxic, eggs / liver/ fish/ milk
Calcium: category, function, deficiency, toxicity, food sources
major, 99% in bones/ 1% transmission of nerve impulses essential for muscle contractions, Maintenace of blood pressure, blood clotting, and works as cofactor for many enzymes, osteoporosis, non toxic, milk and milk products/ green vegetables/ some seafood
Phosphorus: category, function, deficiency, toxicity, food sources
mineral. major, 85% bound with calcium in bone and teeth/ DNA and RNA/ many enzymes and the B vitamins become active only when a phosphate group is attached, unlikely to be deficient, nontoxic, animal protein and carbonated beverages
iron: category, function, deficiency, toxicity, food sources
mineral. trace, body’s oxygen carrier when bound to hemoglobin, iron deficiency anemia, toxic to liver tissue, meats, poultry and fish…processed grains are enriched with iron.
iodine: category, function, deficiency, toxicity, food sources
mineral. trace, part of thyroid hormones, cretinism (severe mental and physical impairment of an infant caused by iodine deficiency during pregnancy, nontoxic, iodized salt