Vitamins Flashcards
What are fat soluble vitamins?
A, E, D, K
What are water soluble vitamins?
B vitamins and vitamin C
How are fat soluble vitamins absorbed and how are water soluble vitamins absorbed?
fat soluble - first into the lymph and then into the blood, water- absorbed directly into the blood
How is water soluble vitamins storage different from fat soluble?
fat s=stored in the liver or fatty tissues;
water s= not stored in the body
How are water soluble vitamins excreted and how are fat-soluble ?
fat soluble tend to build up in the tissues, water-soluble - readily excreted in the urine
How is vitamins A provitamin called?
retinoid , xanthophylls
What are soirces of retinol (A) adn retinoids, xantophyls?
retinol: fish oil, liver, eggs, milk
Retinoids and xanthophylls: fruits (apricot, peach), vegetables (carrot, spinach, other leaves vegetables); margarins
What are the names of vitamins D provitamins?
7-dehydrocholesterol
ergosterol
What is calcitriol? What its function?
hormon, active form of vitamin D,
stimulate calcium and phosphate resorption from intestine.
It regulate, together with hormone calcitonin and parathormone, the calcium metabolism (resorption, insertion
to skeleton bone, excretion)
What are tocopherols, tocotrienols?
They have vitamin E activity
What is function of vitamin D?
in organism - antioxidant
* inactivation of free radicals and singlet oxygen;
in foods – antioxidant
What are the sources of tocotrienols and tocopherols?
germinated wheat
plant oils
What are functions of vitamin K?
Synthesis of blood-clotting proteins and bone proteins
What are good sources of vitamin K?
steamed cabbage
steamed spinach
soybeans
cooked kale
green salad
What is thiamine B1 function in organism?
Activater of some enzymes of energy metabolism
Riboflavine B2 Function in organism:
co-factor of oxidoreductases (predominant enzymes of energy
metabolism)
Nicotinic acid-niacin-vitamin B3 function in organism
Main co-factor of oxidoreductases – main influence on energy metabolism
What are the main functions of the Pantothenic acid B5?
Transport of acyl-groups (R-CO-) in organism
Necessary for energy metabolism – citric acid cycle; β-oxidation of fatty acids
What are main functions in organism of Pyridoxine B6?
Co-factor of various enzymes:
Phosphorylases: glycogene decomposition to glucose
Transaminases, amino acid decarboxylases: amino acid metabolism in liver
What are the functions of Folic acid B9
in an organism?
Transport of 1C-groups(H-CO-; CH3
-,HO-CH2-) in organism
Necessary mainly for amino acid metabolim – formation of purine derivatives,
creatine
What are main functions in body of Cobalamine B12?
Co-enzyme of various enzymes; e.g. Isomerases
Necessary for erythrocyte formation
B7, vitamin Biotin functions in organism?
Co-enzyme of carboxylase – amino acid metabolism; energy metabolism
Ascorbic acid-vitamin C functions in organisms?
antioxidant, anti-scorbutic factor
Know the sources of vitamins
