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PEDIATRICS > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

organic compounds required on very small amount and are involved in fundamental functions of body

A

Vitamins

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2
Q

Water soluble vitamins

A

B complex (Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Panthotenic Acid, Pyridoxal Phosphate, Biotin, Folate, Cobalamine)

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3
Q

Fat soluble vitamins

A

Vit. A D E K

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4
Q

Vitamin a Provitamin forms:

A

alpha carotene
beta carotene
gamma carotene
beta cryptoxantine

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5
Q

vitamin A is important for the synthesis of visual pigments which are?

A

Iodopsin

Rhodopsin

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6
Q

Vitamin A deficiency manifestations

A 
eye lesions
nyctalopia
photophobia
Xeropthalmia
Keratomalacia
Bitot spots
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7
Q

infiltration of cornea by lymphocytes which degenerates it reversibly

A

Keratomalacia

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8
Q

kertinization of conjunctiva and development of plaques (vit A deficiency)

A

Bitot Spots

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9
Q

Normal Vitamin A levels

A

20-60 ug/dL

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10
Q

Hyperostosis is a bone defect seen in what Hypervitaminosis?

A

Vitamin A

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11
Q

group of vitamins that serve as coenzymes in many metabolic pathways that are functionally closely related

A

Vitamin B-complex

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12
Q

the activeform of Vit, B1

A

Thiamine diphosphate

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13
Q

B1 (thiamine) acts as cofactor to what 3 enzymes?

A

Pyruvate DH
Transketolase
alpha keto glutarate

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14
Q

Deficiency of B1 manifestations

A

thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia
Beriberi
Wernicke encephalopathy

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15
Q

methods for Vitamin B1 deficiency diagnosis

A

Erythrocyte transketolase activity

thiamine pyrophosphate effect

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16
Q

T/F. Px with Beriberi should be given All other vit B. complex and not just thiamine.

A

True.

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17
Q

conezyme parts of vitamin B2

A

FAD

FMN

18
Q

vitamin b2 deficeincies:

A 
Cheilosis
Glossitis
Keratitis
Conjunctivitis
Lacrimation
Photophobia
corneal vascularization
seborrheic dermatitis
19
Q

pallor at the angles of the mouth and progresses to maceration of epithelium

A

Cheilosis (Vit B2 deficiency)

20
Q

tongue becomes smooth with loss of papillary structure

A

Glossitis

21
Q

urine excretion value of Vitamin B2 that is suggestive of deficiency

A

<30 ug/day

22
Q

Niacin is the vitamin where (2) coenzymes are derived. what are these coenzymes?

A

NAD

NADP

23
Q

what amino acid can niacin be synthesized from?

A

tryptophan

24
Q

deficiency of Niacin

A

Pellagra

25
Q

classic triad of Pellagra

A

DDD
Dementia
Dermatitis
Diarrhea

26
Q

what is the most characteristic manifestation of Pellagra

A

Dermatitis

27
Q

compounds formed from Vit B6

A

Pyridoxal (aldehyde)
Pyridoxamine (Amino)
Pyridoxine (alcohol)

28
Q

Pyridoxal Phosphate dependent compunds:

A 
Serotonin
GABA
Dopamine
Histamine
Heme
Porphyrins
29
Q

a vitamin that functions for Aminotransferases, decarboxylases, racemases and dehydratases

A

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

30
Q

common inhibitors of Vit b6

A 
Isoniazid
Penicillamine
corticosteroids
anticonvulsants
OCP's
Dialysis
31
Q

what happens to glycine metabolism during bitamin b6 deficiency?

A

leads to oxaluria

32
Q

cofactor vitamin involved in carboxylation reactions

A

Biotin

33
Q

found in raw egg white that inhibits biotin

A

Avidin

34
Q

vitamin deficient in Megaloblastic anemia (2)

A

Folic acid

Cobalamin

35
Q

normal serum folic acid levels

A

5-20 ng/dL

36
Q

cerebral folate deficiency is a deficiency that commonly affects children at what age?

A

4-6 mos of age

37
Q

Schilling test is a diagnostic procedure for waht vitamin deficiency?

A

Vit B12

38
Q

pernicious anemia is seen in what Vitamin deficiency?

A

Vitamin B12

39
Q

what vitamin is involved in the isomerization of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA

A

Vitamin B12

40
Q

what is the manifestation of Vitamin C deficiency?

A

Scurvy

41
Q

what sign is is seen in radiographs of leg bones when a Px has Vit C deficiency?

A

Wimberger Sign (Sclerotic wings)

42
Q

this may occur when treating tuberculosis with isonicotinic acid hydrazide, but is relieved by pyridoxine administration

A

Peripheral neuropathy

PEDIATRICS (4 decks)

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