Pediatric Nutrition & Breast feeding

Question 1

the period where growth stunting-impaired linear growth is a major risk

Answer 1

between 4 mos to 2 years

Question 2

amount of the nutrient that results in some predetermined physiologic end-point

Answer 2

EAR (Estimated Average Requirement)

Question 3

the intake deemed necessary to meet the requirement for that nutrient by most healthy members of a population

Answer 3

RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance)

Question 4

Adequacy, Inadequacy and excess of an individual subject’s intake of a specific nutrient can be determined using RDA. T/F

Answer 4

False

Question 5

the observed or approximated daily intake of that nutrient by a group of healthy individuals

Answer 5

Adequate Intake

Question 6

is the highest daily intake of a specific nutrient that is likely to pose no risk

Answer 6

Tolerable Upper intake Level (UL)

Question 7

is the dietary energy intake predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy individual of a defined age, sex, weight height and physical activity

Answer 7

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

Question 8

the average time required for children >2yrs old of moderately intense daily activity to maintain a healthy weight and prevent chronic diseases

Answer 8

~60 Minutes

Question 9

how many calories does Fat provide

Answer 9

9 kcal/gram

Question 10

what is the AI/RDA set for saturated and monounsaturated fat

Answer 10

NONE

Question 11

Fat intake should be absent of?

Answer 11

trans fat

Question 12

immune function and cellular membrane integrity are impaired and may lead to impaired linear growth

Answer 12

PEM (Protein Energy Malabsorption)

Question 13

are amino acids which are essential only at certain life stages

Answer 13

Conditional Essential/ Indispensable Amino Acids

Question 14

serve as energy source for all cells

Answer 14

Carbohydrates

Question 15

promotes satiety and decreases transit time which can have importance in prevention of cancer

Answer 15

Non digestible fiber

Question 16

What are the micronutrients from DOH food fortification program

Answer 16

Fe, Zn, Ca, Na, K, Vit. D

Question 17

age of infant where Fe and Zn are required from complementary food/fortified food

Answer 17

After 4-6 mos of age

Question 18

Inadequate Water intake leads to?

Answer 18

Dehydration
Impaired thermoregulation
Decreased activity tolerance
Dec intravascular fluid

Question 19

RENI of Macronutrients

Answer 19

CHO: 55-70%
Fats: 20-30% (others); 30-40% (infants)
CHON: 10-15%

Question 20

refers to the state of nutrient intake that is sufficient to maintain health and provide reasonable levels of reserves in the body

Answer 20

Nutrient Adequacy

Question 21

chart used for growth measurements

a) for normal children
b) for sick children

Answer 21

a) WHO-CGS

b) CDC

Question 22

breastfeeding should be initiated __mins after birth

Answer 22

60

Question 23

Breastfeeding should be exclusive for the first ___ months

Answer 23

6

Question 24

when should complementary feeding be started?

Answer 24

after 6 mos

Question 25

Milk supply during 1st day of life

Answer 25

<5ml

Question 26

Increase milk production due to lactogenesis is observed when?

Answer 26

2nd-4th day of life

Question 27

what is the pattern of milk supply by 6 days of life and onwards?

Answer 27

breasts should feel empty after feeding

Question 28

when does a mother feel fullness and leaking milk supply?

Answer 28

5th day of life

Question 29

conditions where infants should not receive breastmilk or any other milk except for specialized milk formulas

Answer 29

Phenylketonuria (phe free milk) Classic Galactosemia (Galactose free) MSUD (val, ile, leu free)

Question 30

conditions where breastmilk remeins the best feeding option

Answer 30

low birth weight (<32 weeks) | newborn @ risk for hypoglycemia

Question 31

what maternal condition will warrant a permanent CI of breast feeding?

Answer 31

HIV infection

Question 32

Herpes simplex Virus type will warrant what on breast feeding scheme?

Answer 32

Temporary avoidance

Question 33

breastfeeding should start ____hr/s after birth

Answer 33

1 hour

Question 34

complementary food should start at

Answer 34

4-6 months after birth

Question 35

what is the frequency of breastfeeding required for infants?

Answer 35

8-12 times/24hours(day and night)

Question 36

Maternal medications that may render a temporary avoidance of breastfeeding

Answer 36

Sedating psychotherapeutic drugs Radioactive iodine (131) Excessive use of topical iodine/iodophores Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

Question 37

amount of complementary food needed at: a) 6-8mos b) 9-11mos c) 12-23 mos

Answer 37

a) 200kcal/day b) 300kcal/day c) 550kcal/day

Question 38

food consistency at: a) 6mos b) 8mos

Answer 38

a) pureed, mashed, semi-solid | b) finger foods

Question 39

meal frequency at: a) 6-8 mos b) 9-11 mos c) 12-24 mos

Answer 39

a) 2-3 times/day b) 3-4 times/day c) 3-4 times/day

Question 40

defined as food eaten between meals (usually self-fed and easy to prepare)

Answer 40

Snacks

Question 41

fruits and vegetables rich in what vitamin should be eaten daily?

Answer 41

Vitamin A

Question 42

intake of fluids or solids? which should be increased in: a) during illness b) after illness

Answer 42

a) Fluids | b) Solids

Question 43

Types of milk formula

Answer 43

Cow's milk formula Soy milk formula Protein hydrosylate formula Amino Acid formulas

Question 44

True/False. | Fruit juices are encouraged during the1st 6mos of life

Answer 44

False.

Question 45

Feeding skills attained @ Birth-4/6 mos

Answer 45

nipple feeding hand on bottle semiflexed position during feeding

Question 46

Feeding skills attained @ 6-9 mos (transition feeding)

Answer 46

upright feeding spoon feeding both hands hold bottle finger feeding

Question 47

Feeding skills attained @ 9-12 mos

Answer 47

cup drinking | chewing with rotary jaw action

Question 48

Feeding skills attained @ 12-18 mos

Answer 48

spoon grasping w/ whole hand holds cup with 2 hands holding and tipping bottle

Question 49

Feeding skills attained @ .18-24 mos

Answer 49

self feeding predominates

Question 50

Feeding skills attained @ 24-26 mos

Answer 50

total self feeding drinking with no spilling chewing with lips closed

Question 51

what is the equation for a good diet

Answer 51

Well balanced meal + Positive eating environment = Well nourished child

Question 52

what antibody is found in the breastmilk?

Answer 52

IgA

Question 53

milk recommended for infant w/ galactosemia

Answer 53

Soy formula milk

Question 54

milk given to infant with cow milk protein allergy

Answer 54

hydrolysate formula