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PEDIATRICS > Preventive Health Care > Flashcards

Preventive Health Care Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to the efforts of doctors to avoid rather than cure disease & disability in children

A

Preventive Pediatrics

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2
Q

Preventive pediatrics is done by (2)

A

Health Promotion

Prevention Activities

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3
Q

Level of prevention.

Tetanus immunization

A

Primary

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4
Q

Level of prevention.

blood lead level screening

A

Secondary

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5
Q

Level of prevention.

Counseling

A

Tertiary

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6
Q

Level of prevention.

Remediation of Condition before progression

A

Secondary

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7
Q

Level of prevention.

Halting disabilities

A

Tertiary

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8
Q

Level of prevention.

Psychotherapy

A

Tertiary

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9
Q

performed to identify clinically undetected problems

A

Screening Tests

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10
Q

What is the importance of Screening tests?

A

for cost-versus-benefit-assessment

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11
Q

Comprehensive policy that ensures Newborn Screening

A

R.A. 9288

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12
Q

NST is done earlier that 24 hrs of Birth. T/F

A

False

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13
Q

What are the 6 major diseases screened in the Phil.?

A 
Congenital Hypothyroidism
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Galactosemia
Glucose-6-Phosphate DH Deficiency
Phenylketonuria
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
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14
Q

What is the criteria for Physiologic jaundice?

A

appers beyond 24 hrs of birth and disappears by 7 days old

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15
Q

What is the criteria for Pathologic jaundice?

A

appears within 24 hours of birth

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16
Q

Normal BW and Length

A

30kg;50cm

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17
Q

Name some unique features of Congenital Hypothyroidism in newborns

A 
Prolonged Physiologic Jaundice
Sluggish
Large Tongue
Hypothermic
genital edema
umbilical hernia
Low T4 and T3; High TSH
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18
Q

Primary Pathology in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

A

low levels of Cortisol (due to absence of 21-OHase enzyme)

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19
Q

SSx of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Neonates

A 
enlarged clitoris
labia majora looks like scrotum
Ambiguous genitalia
Low serum Na, Cl, Cortisol
High K
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20
Q

3 types of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Neonates

A

Classic Severe salt wasting
Classic less severe
Mild non classic

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21
Q

3 enzymes deficiency in Galactosema

A

Galactose-6-Phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT)
Galactikinase (GALK)
Galactose-4-epimerase (GALE)

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22
Q

Galactosemia is a valid Contraindication for Breast Feeding. T/F

A

True

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23
Q

disorder of the Hexos Monophosphate Shunt

A

G6PDH Deficiency

24
Q

2 clinical syndromes of G6PDH Deficiency

A

episodic hemolytic anemia (24-48hrs after ingestion of oxidants)
Chronic nonspherocytic anemia

25
Q

precipitated Hemoglobin seen in G6PDH Deficiency

A

Heinz bodies

26
Q

worst case scenario of G6PDH Deficiency

A

Acute Renal Failure

27
Q

what enzyme is deficient in Phenylketonuria

A

phenylalanine hydroxylase

28
Q

Metabolic products of excess Phenylalanine

A 
Phenylpyruvic acid (transamination)
Phenylethylamine (decarboxylation)
29
Q

Urinary Sx of Phenylketonuria

A

Unpleasant musty odor

30
Q

genetic disorder of the activity of the branched chain alpha keto acid DH complex

A

MSUD

31
Q

what 3 aa are accumulated in MSUD?

A

ile, val, leu

32
Q

the organ that is potentially affected by MSUD

A

Brain

33
Q

the most common site to collect a sample of blood to neonates/infants

A

Heel

34
Q

Steps in blood collection in neonates (5)

A 
Increase blood flow
Clean and Dry
Puncture
Fill circle
Fill remaining circles
35
Q

when to collect blood from a neonate?

A

before 48 hrs of life but later than 24 hrs old

36
Q

Standard dose of PPD

A

5TU in 0.1ml solution

37
Q

when does screening for TB starts and Ends?

A

3 mos (start) 12yrs (end)

38
Q

other name for Tuberculin Test

A

Mantoux Test

39
Q

What parameters are considered when accepting a positive Tuberculin test in a Px with >5mm induration?

A

Hx of close contact w/ TB case
Clinical findings suggestive of TB
CXR findings suggestive of TB
Immunocompromised

40
Q

Recommended age/condition for Hypertension screening

A

3 yrs old/ill Px, Px at risk

41
Q

regular cholesterol testing is started at what age?

A

> 2yrs old

42
Q

what laboratory result in Lipid profiling will prompt the doctor to do a dietary intervention?

A

Fasting Cholesterol of >175mg/dL

43
Q

What are the age groups typically screened for Anemia (3)

A

6-15 mos (weaning from breast milk)
4-6 yrs old (school food)
Adolescence (menstrual period)

44
Q

a laboratory test for anemia that is highly sensitive and selective but expensive

A

Serum Ferritin Test

45
Q

common test done to screen for anemia

A

CBC (hct and hgb)

46
Q

A change of stool color from brown to black entails what type of supplementation?

A

Iron

47
Q

Routine urinalysis and cultures are recommended. T/F

A

False. not cost-effective

48
Q

3 methods of Urine collection

A

Urine bed
Urinary Catheterization
Suprapubic aspiration (invasive)

49
Q

schedule of screening for lead poisoning

A

every 6 mos for 18-36 mos and every year thereafter

50
Q

domains of screening for development (3)

A

Gross and fine motor skills
Expressive and receptive language
Personal-social skill

51
Q

type of snellen chart used in illiterate children

A

Tumbling E chart

52
Q

what age range do children typically reach a vision of 20/20

A

5-6 yrs old

53
Q

Distracting hearing Test is done in what age group?

A

8-12 mos

54
Q

What is BAER?

A

Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response

55
Q

what type of Hearing test is appropriate for 3 yrs old and 5yrs old respectively?

A

3 yrs. old: Pure tone audiometry

5 yrs. old: Play Audiometry

56
Q

Deworming drugs

A

Albendazole (200-400mg/6mos)

Mebendazole(500mg/6mos)

PEDIATRICS (4 decks)

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