Preventive Health Care

Question 1

Refers to the efforts of doctors to avoid rather than cure disease & disability in children

Answer 1

Preventive Pediatrics

Question 2

Preventive pediatrics is done by (2)

Answer 2

Health Promotion

Prevention Activities

Question 3

Level of prevention.

Tetanus immunization

Answer 3

Primary

Question 4

Level of prevention.

blood lead level screening

Answer 4

Secondary

Question 5

Level of prevention.

Counseling

Answer 5

Tertiary

Question 6

Level of prevention.

Remediation of Condition before progression

Answer 6

Secondary

Question 7

Level of prevention.

Halting disabilities

Answer 7

Tertiary

Question 8

Level of prevention.

Psychotherapy

Answer 8

Tertiary

Question 9

performed to identify clinically undetected problems

Answer 9

Screening Tests

Question 10

What is the importance of Screening tests?

Answer 10

for cost-versus-benefit-assessment

Question 11

Comprehensive policy that ensures Newborn Screening

Answer 11

R.A. 9288

Question 12

NST is done earlier that 24 hrs of Birth. T/F

Answer 12

False

Question 13

What are the 6 major diseases screened in the Phil.?

Answer 13

Congenital Hypothyroidism
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Galactosemia
Glucose-6-Phosphate DH Deficiency
Phenylketonuria
Maple Syrup Urine Disease

Question 14

What is the criteria for Physiologic jaundice?

Answer 14

appers beyond 24 hrs of birth and disappears by 7 days old

Question 15

What is the criteria for Pathologic jaundice?

Answer 15

appears within 24 hours of birth

Question 16

Normal BW and Length

Answer 16

30kg;50cm

Question 17

Name some unique features of Congenital Hypothyroidism in newborns

Answer 17

Prolonged Physiologic Jaundice
Sluggish
Large Tongue
Hypothermic
genital edema
umbilical hernia
Low T4 and T3; High TSH

Question 18

Primary Pathology in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Answer 18

low levels of Cortisol (due to absence of 21-OHase enzyme)

Question 19

SSx of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Neonates

Answer 19

enlarged clitoris
labia majora looks like scrotum
Ambiguous genitalia
Low serum Na, Cl, Cortisol
High K

Question 20

3 types of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Neonates

Answer 20

Classic Severe salt wasting
Classic less severe
Mild non classic

Question 21

3 enzymes deficiency in Galactosema

Answer 21

Galactose-6-Phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT)
Galactikinase (GALK)
Galactose-4-epimerase (GALE)

Question 22

Galactosemia is a valid Contraindication for Breast Feeding. T/F

Answer 22

True

Question 23

disorder of the Hexos Monophosphate Shunt

Answer 23

G6PDH Deficiency

Question 24

2 clinical syndromes of G6PDH Deficiency

Answer 24

episodic hemolytic anemia (24-48hrs after ingestion of oxidants)
Chronic nonspherocytic anemia

Question 25

precipitated Hemoglobin seen in G6PDH Deficiency

Answer 25

Heinz bodies

Question 26

worst case scenario of G6PDH Deficiency

Answer 26

Acute Renal Failure

Question 27

what enzyme is deficient in Phenylketonuria

Answer 27

phenylalanine hydroxylase

Question 28

Metabolic products of excess Phenylalanine

Answer 28

``` Phenylpyruvic acid (transamination) Phenylethylamine (decarboxylation) ```

Question 29

Urinary Sx of Phenylketonuria

Answer 29

Unpleasant musty odor

Question 30

genetic disorder of the activity of the branched chain alpha keto acid DH complex

Answer 30

MSUD

Question 31

what 3 aa are accumulated in MSUD?

Answer 31

ile, val, leu

Question 32

the organ that is potentially affected by MSUD

Answer 32

Brain

Question 33

the most common site to collect a sample of blood to neonates/infants

Answer 33

Heel

Question 34

Steps in blood collection in neonates (5)

Answer 34

``` Increase blood flow Clean and Dry Puncture Fill circle Fill remaining circles ```

Question 35

when to collect blood from a neonate?

Answer 35

before 48 hrs of life but later than 24 hrs old

Question 36

Standard dose of PPD

Answer 36

5TU in 0.1ml solution

Question 37

when does screening for TB starts and Ends?

Answer 37

3 mos (start) 12yrs (end)

Question 38

other name for Tuberculin Test

Answer 38

Mantoux Test

Question 39

What parameters are considered when accepting a positive Tuberculin test in a Px with >5mm induration?

Answer 39

Hx of close contact w/ TB case Clinical findings suggestive of TB CXR findings suggestive of TB Immunocompromised

Question 40

Recommended age/condition for Hypertension screening

Answer 40

3 yrs old/ill Px, Px at risk

Question 41

regular cholesterol testing is started at what age?

Answer 41

> 2yrs old

Question 42

what laboratory result in Lipid profiling will prompt the doctor to do a dietary intervention?

Answer 42

Fasting Cholesterol of >175mg/dL

Question 43

What are the age groups typically screened for Anemia (3)

Answer 43

6-15 mos (weaning from breast milk) 4-6 yrs old (school food) Adolescence (menstrual period)

Question 44

a laboratory test for anemia that is highly sensitive and selective but expensive

Answer 44

Serum Ferritin Test

Question 45

common test done to screen for anemia

Answer 45

CBC (hct and hgb)

Question 46

A change of stool color from brown to black entails what type of supplementation?

Answer 46

Iron

Question 47

Routine urinalysis and cultures are recommended. T/F

Answer 47

False. not cost-effective

Question 48

3 methods of Urine collection

Answer 48

Urine bed Urinary Catheterization Suprapubic aspiration (invasive)

Question 49

schedule of screening for lead poisoning

Answer 49

every 6 mos for 18-36 mos and every year thereafter

Question 50

domains of screening for development (3)

Answer 50

Gross and fine motor skills Expressive and receptive language Personal-social skill

Question 51

type of snellen chart used in illiterate children

Answer 51

Tumbling E chart

Question 52

what age range do children typically reach a vision of 20/20

Answer 52

5-6 yrs old

Question 53

Distracting hearing Test is done in what age group?

Answer 53

8-12 mos

Question 54

What is BAER?

Answer 54

Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response

Question 55

what type of Hearing test is appropriate for 3 yrs old and 5yrs old respectively?

Answer 55

3 yrs. old: Pure tone audiometry | 5 yrs. old: Play Audiometry

Question 56

Deworming drugs

Answer 56

Albendazole (200-400mg/6mos) | Mebendazole(500mg/6mos)