Vitamin Deficiency Disorders- At A Glance Flashcards
Chemical name of vitamin A
Retinoids
Deficiency state of vitamin A
Nyctalopia = Night blindness
Xerophthalmia = Dryness of conjunctiva and cornea
Bitot’s spots = localized increased thickness of conjunctiva
Conjunctival xerosis
Chemical name of vitamin D
Ergocalciferol
Cholecalciferol
(Good source are cod liver oil, sunlight exposure etc.)
Deficiency state of vitamin D
Children >>> Rickets
Adults >>> Osteomalacia
Chemical name of vitamin E
Tocopherol
Tocotrienol
Deficiency state of vitamin E
Mild haemolytic anaemia in newborn infants
Ataxia
Peripheral neuropathy
Chemical name of vitamin K
Naphthoquinone
Deficiency state of vitamin K
Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN)
Bleeding diathesis
Lack of clotting factors 2, 7, 9, 10 >>> reduced clotting >>> high tendency to bleed
Chemical name of vitamin C
Ascorbic acid
Deficiency state of vitamin C
Scurvy:
= gingivitis, bleeding
Chemical name of vitamin B1
Thiamine
Deficiency state of vitamin B1
Beriberi:
- Polyneuropathy
- Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
- Heart failure
Chemical name of vitamin B2
Riboflavin
Deficiency state of vitamin B2
Dermatitis (Seborrheic)
Glossitis = red, purple swollen tongue, sore tongue
Cheilosis
Anaemia
Photophobia
Anorexia, GI symptoms
Mood disturbances
Chemical name of vitamin B3
Niacin (Nicotinic acid)
Deficiency state of vitamin B3
Pellagra
Early features: 3D
- Dementia
- Dermatitis
- Diarrheoa
Late features:
- Periods of disorientation
- Confusion
If not treated:
- Death
Chemical name of vitamin B6
Pyridoxine
Deficiency state of vitamin B6
Anaemia
Irritability
Seizures
(affects blood & nervous systen like B9, B12)
Chemical name of vitamin B7
Biotin
Deficiency state of vitamin B7
Saeborrhoeic dermatitis
Chemical name of vitamin B9
Folic acid
Deficiency state of vitamin B9
Macrocytic Megaloblastic anaemia
If deficiency during pregnancy >>> Neural tube defect in foetus
Chemical name of vitamin B12
Cyanocobalamin
Deficiency state of viamin B12
Macrocytic megaloblastic anaemia
SCD (Subacute combined degeneration)
Progressive dementia