Vitamin B1/B2/B3 Flashcards
Which two vitamin groups are water-soluble?
B-Complex Vitamin’s & Vitamin C
Vitamin B1 is also known as?
Thaimin
The structure of vitamin B1 (Thiamin) is known for what two components?
Pyrimidine + Thiazole
What is the coenzyme forms of vitamin B1 (Thiamin)?
TDP & TPP
What are some prominent sources of vitamin B1 (Thiamin)?
Yeast
Pork
Legumes
Whole / Enriched Grains
Sunflower Seeds
How does TDP/TPP (vitamin B1) function as a coenzyme?
Catalyzing Decarboxylation of:
Pyruvate & a-ketoglutarate
(KREBS Cycle)
What are the coenzyme reactions of vitamin B1 important for?
The release of energy from food in formation of ATP
In an additional function of vitamin B1, TDP is needed for ______ which forms what?
Transketolase > forms Pentoses
What are Pentoses used for?
Synthesis of Nucleic Acids for RNA/DNA
Vitamin B1 is also essential for _______ Conduction
Nerve
Beriberi is a form of ____ Deficiency
Vitamin B1
What are symptoms of Beriberi?
Dry: Muscle Weakness & Wasting
Wet: Heart Failure with Edema
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome is a form of _____ Deficiency
Vitamin B1
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrom is associated with?
Alcoholism
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrom will commonly result in what with relation to Thaimin?
Decreased Intake
Decreased Absorption
What population is most at risk for Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?
Elderly
Large doses of Vitamin B1 supplementation can be helpful with?
MSUD (Maple Syrup Urine Disease)
What is an assessment for Vitamin B1?
Erythrocyte Transketolase Activity
Vitamin B2 is also known as?
Riboflavin
The structure of vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) is known for what two components?
Flavin Molecule + Ribitol
What is the coenzyme forms of vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?
FMN & FAD
What are some prominent sources of vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?
Milk
Dairy Products
Eggs
Meat
Legumes
Enriched Grains
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) is sensitive to?
UV Light
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) is essential in the function of what energy system?
Electron Transport Chain
Vitamin B2 functions in the activation of?
B6
Folate
Vitamin B2 functions in the reduction of?
Glutathione
Vitamin B2 acts in the synthesis of?
Niacin
Vitamin B2 deficiency showcases symptoms of?
Cheilosis (cracking of lips)
Angular Stomatitis (cracking corner of mouth)
Glossitis (inflammation of tongue magenta tongue)
Vitamin B2 deficiency tends to occur in which populations?
Elderly
Some Cancers
Pregnancy
Elevated Metabolisms
What is an assessment for Vitamin B2?
Red Cell Glutathione Reductase
(FAD is important in reducing glutathione)
Vitamin B3 is also known as?
Niacin
The structure of vitamin B3 (Niacin) is known for what two components?
Nicotinic Acid & Nicotinamide
What are the coenzyme forms of vitamin B3 (Niacin)?
NAD
NADH
NADP
NADPH
What are some prominent sources of vitamin B3 (Niacin)?
(MFP) Meat, Fish, Poultry
Enriched Grains
Legumes
Synthesis of Vitamin B3 (Niacin) occurs from?
Tryptophan
How many mg of tryptophan equate to 1 mg of niacin synthesized?
60 mg for every 1 mg
In order for niacin synthesis to occur from tryptophan, what two vitamins and mineral are required?
B2, B6, Fe
Vitamin B3 (Niacin) functions primarily for?
Energy Transformation (FADH or NADH)
What are some of the energy pathways were Vitamin B3 operates?
Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
Krebs Cycle
B-Oxidation
Pellagra is associated with Vitamin ___ Deficiency?
Vitamin B3
Pellagra is also known as the “4D’s” for it’s progressive degeneration? What are the “4D’s”?
Dermatitis
Diarrhea
Dementia
Death
Medication such as Isoniazid (TB meds) reduces _______ synthesis?
Reduced Niacin Synthesis
Vitamin B3 Deficiency is associated with?
Low Intake (alcoholics)
Elevated Metabolism
Low Tryptophan Diet
Vitamin B3 Toxicity showcases symptoms of?
Release of Histamine (flushing)
Liver Injury
Competition with Urate for Excretion
Itching
Elevated Glucose
