Vitals sign Flashcards
What to look for in general survey?
- appearance
- mobility
- alertness
- oriented
- speech
- behavior
- development
- smell
- listen
- look at belongings
What is cachectic?
very thin, malnourished
What is cushingoid?
swollen face due to excess cortisol
What is diaphoretic?
sweaty
What is dyspneic?
trouble breathing or shortness of breath
What is mask-like facies?
lack of movement in the face (botox face)
What is obtunded?
a person who is very confused
What are the 6 vital signs?
- BP
- HR/Pulse
- O2
- temp
- RR
- pain
- HT/WT
How much pound = to 1 kg?
2.2lb = 1kg
What is the formula for BMI?
weight/height^2
What is classified as normal, overweight, obesity, and underweight BMI?
normal = 18.5-24.9 overweight = 25-29.9 obesity = >30 underweight = <18.5
What are examples of extrinsic factors that affect vital signs?
- Meds
- exercise
- stress
What is a normal temp and what is hypothermia, fever and hyperpyrexia?
- Normal = 96.8-98.6F or 36-37 C
- Hypothermia = <96.8F or <36 C
- fever (pyrexia) = > 100.4F or 38C
- hyperpyrexia = >106.7 r 41.5C
What is quotidian fever?
- daily recurring fever at specific time
What is most to least accurate temp routes?
(most accurate) rectal>temporal> tympanic>oral>axillary (least accurate)
What is normal HR, tachycardia, bradycardia?
normal= 50-90bpm tachy= 90 or higher brady = 50 or lower
What do you assess for when taking a pulse?
- rate, rhythm, amplitude (how full), intensity (how strong), variations
Examples of places where you can check pulse?
- cardiac apex (left 5th ics)
- temporal arteries
- carotid arteries
- brachial arteries
- radial arteries
What is the definition of blood pressure?
- lateral pressure exerted by blood on arterial wall
What is normal range of BP, hypertension range, hypotension range?
normal BP: 100/60-139/89
hypertension: >140/90
hypotension: <90/60
What is hypertensive urgency vs hypertensive emergency?
- hypertensive urgency: SBP>180, higher chance of having cardiac event in next 90 days
- hypertensive emergency: SBP>180 with end organ damage
What classifies as orthostatic BP?
- systolic BP drops >20 mmhg
- diastolic BP drops >10 mmhg
- HR increases >20
What is BP affected by?
- cardiac output
- volume status
- arterial compliance (hardening of arteries)
- peripheral vascular resistance
What is kussmaul’s respiration?
- heavy breathing
