Vitals sign

Question 1

What to look for in general survey?

Answer 1

• appearance
• mobility
• alertness
• oriented
• speech
• behavior
• development
• smell
• listen
• look at belongings

Question 2

What is cachectic?

Answer 2

very thin, malnourished

Question 3

What is cushingoid?

Answer 3

swollen face due to excess cortisol

Question 4

What is diaphoretic?

Answer 4

sweaty

Question 5

What is dyspneic?

Answer 5

trouble breathing or shortness of breath

Question 6

What is mask-like facies?

Answer 6

lack of movement in the face (botox face)

Question 7

What is obtunded?

Answer 7

a person who is very confused

Question 8

What are the 6 vital signs?

Answer 8

• BP
• HR/Pulse
• O2
• temp
• RR
• pain
• HT/WT

Question 9

How much pound = to 1 kg?

Answer 9

2.2lb = 1kg

Question 10

What is the formula for BMI?

Answer 10

weight/height^2

Question 11

What is classified as normal, overweight, obesity, and underweight BMI?

Answer 11

normal = 18.5-24.9
overweight = 25-29.9
obesity = >30
underweight = <18.5

Question 12

What are examples of extrinsic factors that affect vital signs?

Answer 12

• Meds
• exercise
• stress

Question 13

What is a normal temp and what is hypothermia, fever and hyperpyrexia?

Answer 13

• Normal = 96.8-98.6F or 36-37 C
• Hypothermia = <96.8F or <36 C
• fever (pyrexia) = > 100.4F or 38C
• hyperpyrexia = >106.7 r 41.5C

Question 14

What is quotidian fever?

Answer 14

• daily recurring fever at specific time

Question 15

What is most to least accurate temp routes?

Answer 15

(most accurate) rectal>temporal> tympanic>oral>axillary (least accurate)

Question 16

What is normal HR, tachycardia, bradycardia?

Answer 16

normal= 50-90bpm
tachy= 90 or higher
brady = 50 or lower

Question 17

What do you assess for when taking a pulse?

Answer 17

• rate, rhythm, amplitude (how full), intensity (how strong), variations

Question 18

Examples of places where you can check pulse?

Answer 18

• cardiac apex (left 5th ics)
• temporal arteries
• carotid arteries
• brachial arteries
• radial arteries

Question 19

What is the definition of blood pressure?

Answer 19

• lateral pressure exerted by blood on arterial wall

Question 20

What is normal range of BP, hypertension range, hypotension range?

Answer 20

normal BP: 100/60-139/89

hypertension: >140/90
hypotension: <90/60

Question 21

What is hypertensive urgency vs hypertensive emergency?

Answer 21

• hypertensive urgency: SBP>180, higher chance of having cardiac event in next 90 days
• hypertensive emergency: SBP>180 with end organ damage

Question 22

What classifies as orthostatic BP?

Answer 22

• systolic BP drops >20 mmhg
• diastolic BP drops >10 mmhg
• HR increases >20

Question 23

What is BP affected by?

Answer 23

• cardiac output
• volume status
• arterial compliance (hardening of arteries)
• peripheral vascular resistance

Question 24

What is kussmaul’s respiration?

Answer 24

• heavy breathing

Question 25

What is cheyne-stokes respiration?

Answer 25

• variable breathing pattern (fast then slow)

Question 26

What is splinting?

Answer 26

shallow breaths, due to pain

Question 27

What causes rales?

Answer 27

constriction or blockage of bronchial passage

Question 28

What to assess for in respiration?

Answer 28

rate
rhythm
effort
depth

Question 29

What are 4 As in pain management?

Answer 29

• analgesia
• ADL
• adverse effects
• apparent drug related behavior

Question 30

Kussmaul’s respirations

Answer 30

deep rapid breathing, ketoacidosis

Question 31

Which disease have cold intolerance?

Answer 31

hypothyroidism

Question 32

Which disease have heat intolerance?

Answer 32

hyperthyroidism

Question 33

which disease prefers to sit/sleep in upright position?

Answer 33

left sided CHF

Question 34

How is the blood pressure during aortic coarctation?

Answer 34

systolic htn in upper extremities and lower bp in the legs, diminished or delayed femoral pulses