Vitals

Question 1

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, caused by HIV

Answer 1

AIDS

Question 2

Absence of microorganisms that produce disease; the prevention of infection by maintaining a sterile condition.

Answer 2

asepsis

Question 3

inflammation of the liver

Answer 3

Hepatitis

Question 4

a tiny living animal or plant that can cause a disease

Answer 4

microorganism

Question 5

a microorganism that produces disease

Answer 5

pathogen

Question 6

The presence of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins in the blood or tissues.

Answer 6

sepsis

Question 7

A hard, thick-walled capsule formed by some bacteria that contains only the essential parts of the protoplasm of the bacterial cell.

Answer 7

spore

Question 8

don PPE

Answer 8

cap, mask, gown, gloves

Question 9

doff PPE

Answer 9

gown, gloves, mask, cap

Question 10

absence of oxygen in the tissues

Answer 10

anoxia

Question 11

pulse found over apex of the heart; also may be found by palpation

Answer 11

apical pulse

Question 12

the absence of breathing

Answer 12

apnea

Question 13

variation from the normal rhythm

Answer 13

arrhythmia

Question 14

Listening for sounds produced within the body by using the unaided ear or a stethoscope.

Answer 14

auscultation

Question 15

a slow heartbeat

Answer 15

bradycardia

Question 16

the amount of blood that is pumped from the heart during each contraction

Answer 16

cardiac output

Question 17

profuse perspiration

Answer 17

diaphoresis

Question 18

The period when the least amount of pressure is exerted on the walls or the arteries during the heartbeat; usually indicates the resting phase of the heart.

Answer 18

distole

Question 19

Labored or difficult breathing.

Answer 19

dyspnea

Question 20

Disturbance of rhythm.

Answer 20

dysrhythmia

Question 21

Arising or produced abnormally.

Answer 21

ectopic

Question 22

The passive phase of respiration when the person breathes out; also referred to as exhalation.

Answer 22

expiration

Question 23

Body temperature that is above the normal level; also referred to as pyrexia.

Answer 23

fever

Question 24

Abnormally high blood pressure.

Answer 24

hypertension

Question 25

Abnormally low blood pressure.

Answer 25

hypotension

Question 26

Pertaining to the groin.

Answer 26

inguinal

Question 27

The active phase of respiration when the person breathes in; also referred to as inhalation.

Answer 27

inspiration

Question 28

The insertion of a tube into the larynx to maintain an open airway.

Answer 28

intubation

Question 29

Sounds heard during auscultatory determination of blood pressure; believed to be produced by the vibratory motion of the arterial wall as the artery suddenly distends when compressed by a pneumatic blood pressure cuff; the origin of the sound may be within the blood passing through the vessel or within the wall itself.

Answer 29

Korotkoff's sounds

Question 30

To fit close together; to close tight; to obstruct or close off.

Answer 30

occlude

Question 31

A condition in which breathing is easier when the person is seated or standing.

Answer 31

orthopnea

Question 32

A medical device that measures levels of blood oxygen saturation, monitors pulse rate, and calculates heart rate.

Answer 32

pulse oximeter

Question 33

An abnormal, discontinuous, nonmusical sound heard on auscultation of the chest, primarily during inhalation; also called a crackle

Answer 33

rale

Question 34

Pertaining to the rectum or the distal portion of the large intestine.

Answer 34

rectal

Question 35

The act of breathing.

Answer 35

respiration

Question 36

Shortness of breath.

Answer 36

SOB

Question 37

An instrument used to measure blood pressure; it may use a mercury column or an enclosed air-pressure spring system.

Answer 37

sphygmomanometer

Question 38

A shrill, harsh sound, especially the respiratory sound heard during inspiration in a person with a laryngeal obstruction

Answer 38

stridor

Question 39

A temporary suspension of consciousness caused by cerebral anemia; fainting

Answer 39

syncope

Question 40

The period when the greatest amount of pressure is exerted on the walls of the arteries during heartbeat; usually indicates the contractile phase of the heartbeat

Answer 40

systole

Question 41

An abnormally fast heartbeat (i.e., a pulse rate greater than 100 beats/min)

Answer 41

tachycardia

Question 42

Body Temperature:

Answer 42

96. 8-99.3; average 98.6 | rectal: 97.8-100.3

Question 43

Pulse:

Answer 43

60-100 bpm 100-150 bpm in newborns 70-130 bmp in children (1-10 years)

Question 44

Pulse Sites:

Answer 44

temporal: Anterior and adjacent to the ear carotid: Inferior to the angle of the mandible and anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle brachial: Medial to the biceps in the antecubital fossa or on the medial aspect of the mid shaft of the humerus radial: at the wrist on the volar forearm medial to the stylus process of the radius femoral: At the femoral triangle slightly lateral and anterior to the inguinal crease popliteal: In the midline of the posterior knee crease between the tendons of the hamstring muscles dorsal pedal: along the midline or slightly medial on the dorsum of the foot posterior tibial: on the medial aspect of the foot inferior to the medial malleolus

Question 45

indicates even beats with a good force to each beat

Answer 45

strong and regular

Question 46

indicates even beats with a poor force to each beat

Answer 46

weak and regular

Question 47

indicates that both strong and weak beats occur during the period of measurement

Answer 47

irregular

Question 48

indicates a weak force to each beat and irregular beats

Answer 48

thready

Question 49

normal blood oxygen saturation

Answer 49

95%-100% hypoxemia is suspected if readings fall below 90%

Question 50

acceptable blood pressure levels

Answer 50

120/80 mm or mercury 140+/90+ = stage 1 hypertensive ``` birth to 3 mo. : 85-90/35-65 3 mo. to 1 y : 90-100/60-67 1-4 y : 100-108/60 4-12 y : +2 per year to 100/60-70 adolescents : 100-120/65-75 high normal : 130-139/85-89 elderly (>65 y) : 120-140/80-90 ``` ``` hypertension ranges prehypertension 120-139/80-89 stage 1 : 140-159/90-99 stage 2 : 160-179/100-109 stage 3 : 180-209/110-119 stage 4 : >210/>120 ``` BP is higher on left side since heart is on left side: usually BP is taken on left UE

Question 51

Respiration:

Answer 51

assessment: rate, rhythm, depth, and character 12-18 breaths/min infants: 30-50

Question 52

Pain Descriptors:

Answer 52

``` cramping, dull, aching: muscle sharp, shooting: nerve root sharp, bright, lightning-like: nerve burning, pressure-like, stinging, aching: sympathetic nerve deep, nagging, dull: bone sharp, severe, intolerable: fracture throbbing, diffuse: vasculature ```

Question 53

systolic is in which ventricle

Answer 53

left

Question 54

size and condition of arteries

Answer 54

arteries that have reduced lumen produce increase BP values | arteries with decrease elasticity produce increase systolic and decrease diastolic

Question 55

intra-rater vs inter-rater assessment

Answer 55

one therapist vs greater then one therapist taking vitals