vital signs Flashcards
clinical measurements specifically the
pulse rate, rectal temperature, and
respiratory rate that can indicate the state of animals essential
body functions
Vital signs
Dog’s Normal Pulse rate
100-130 bpm
Dog’s normal rectal temperature
38.5 -38.9 degrees celsius
Dog’s normal respiratory rate
22 bpm
Cats’s normal respiratory rate
26 bpm
rabit’s normal respiratory rate
39bpm
Cats’s normal rectal temperature
38-39 degrees celsius
Rabbit’s normal rectal temperature
36-40 degrees celsius
Cat’s normal Pulse rate
110-140 bpm
Rabbit’s pulse rate
180-350 bpm
rate of arterial pulse
pulse rate
degree of heat that is natural to a
living body
rectal temperature
rate of lung breaths
Respiratory rate
increased pulse rate
Tachycardia
decreased pulse rate
Bradycardia
increased body temperature
hyperthermia
decrease in body temperature
hypothermia
increase in respiratory rate
tachypnea
decrease in respiratory rate
bradypnea
exaggerated usually inexplicable and
illogical fear of a certain object or
situation
phobia
Flat lesion with different color surrounding
the skin
Macule
A macule with scale or wrinkling
Patch or wheal
Elevated lesion less than 5 mm
- Hall mark of allergy
Papule
Elevated lesion more than 5 mm in
size
plaque
Elevated lesion more than 5 mm in
size with substantial depth(but without
fluid
nodule
A nodule - Elevated lesion more than
5 mm in size with substantial depth
that contains expressible material
which is fluid
Cyst
A vesicle containing pus or cloudy
fluid
Pustule
Thickening of skin due to hyperplasia
callus
The solid matter form upon
drying of exudate (inflammatory
fluid)
crust
Solid matter form upon drying
of wound
Collarette
It is marked by increased
pigmentation of the skin by
melanocytes or melanoblast
hyperpigmentation
Redness of skin due to
congestion of capillaries
Erythema
temporary absence of skin redness due to pressing
Blanchable
redness due to the escape of blood from ruptured
blood vessels. Non-blanchable
Hemorrhage
mark that remained after
healing of wound due to proliferation
of fibroblast
scar (cicatrix)
inflammation that has fluid with low iserous secretion but high in Inflammatory cells
EXUDATIVE INFLAMMATION
Also known as inflammatory cells
exudative cells
most proliferate exudative cell
neutrophil
inflammation with WATERY exudate
Serous inflammation
inflammation with pus exudate
purulent inflammation
inflammation with fibrin
fibrinous inflammation
Also known as Mucopurulent inflammation
catarrhal inflammation
inflammation with abundant and thick
discharge of mucus and epithelial debris from
the mucosa
catarrhal inflammation
inflammation where exudate is firmly attached at first; Eventually this
exudate detaches from the underlying
tissue/epithelium
diphtheritic inflammation
inflammation with granuloma macrophages
granulomatous inflammation
inflammation that affects the spaces between parenchymal cells
interstitial inflammation
inflammation that affects the parenchyma
parenchymatous inflammation
inflammation where false membrane is made. The membrane is composed of necrotic epithelium, precipitated fibrin, and inflammatory lymphocytes.
pseudomembranous inflammation
inflammation with mucous and some inflammatory cells
mucoid inflammation
the type of inflammation during parasitic
infection and allergic reaction
eosinophilic inflammation
inflammation with no pus but with mononuclear like lymphocytes and plasma cells
non-suppurative inflammation
inflammation with both exudative cells (eg. macrophages) and mononuclear
hemorrhagic inflammation
Inflammation with presence of dead cells and tissues
necrotizing inflammation
inflammation with pus(neutrophil) and granuloma(macrophage)
pyogranulomatous inflammation
inflammation that is High in Lymphocytes (purple ones)
Low in Macrophages (dark red to pink) - small
amount only
lymphohistiocytic
Almost similar to Lymphohistiocytic
inflammation (high in lymphocytes, low in
macrophages) But some neutrophils are still
present.
chronic-active inflammation
inflamation where multinucleated giant cells are formed
due to fusion of epithelioid
macrophag
granuloma
3 examples of multinucleated giant cells
langhans giant cells
foreign body giant cells
touton giant cells
Repair through fibrosis or scar tissue
formation
repair by substitution
It is the repair of lost cells by similar cells with
the orderly arrangement of these new cells in
relation to the pre-existing cells. So that tissue
functions are restored.
repair by regeneration
Type of cells that does not regenerate
permanent cells
Examples of permanent cells
cells of lens, nerve cell bodies, cardiac myocytes
cells that will divide upon stimulation
stable cells
examples of stable cells
fibroblasts, osteoblast, liver parenchyma
multiply almost daily throughout the life span of organism
Labile cells
examples of labile cells
cheek epithelial cells, lymphoid cells, hematopoietic cells
Marked by formation of Fibroblast and
Capillary valves.It contains fibroblasts, capillary valves (blood
vessels is present because nutrients are
essential for healing / regeneration / scar
tissue)
granulation tissue
