Vital signs

Question 1

whart are the 4 main vital signs

Answer 1

BP, Pulse, RR, Temperature, (pain)

Question 2

normla BP

Answer 2

120/80

systole: 90-140
diastole: 60-90

Question 3

high blood pressure

Answer 3

hypertension

Question 4

low blood pressure

Answer 4

hypotension

Question 5

pulsus paradoxus

Answer 5

decrease in BP during measured procedure (10mmHg or more decrease in BP)

Question 6

Pulse pressure

Answer 6

systole- diastole

<30 means poor perfusion

Question 7

Normal Temperature

Answer 7

37C

Question 8

Where to measure Temperature

Answer 8

axillary, oral, ear, rectal

Question 9

low body temperature, low metabolic rate, decreased RR and HR

Answer 9

hypothermia

Question 10

high body termperature, increased metabolic rate, increase RR and HR

Answer 10

hyperthermia

Question 11

febrile

Answer 11

fever

Question 12

Normal RR

Answer 12

12-20/min

Question 13

apnea

Answer 13

absence of spontaneous breathing

Question 14

eupnea

Answer 14

normal

Question 15

bradypnea

Answer 15

slow breaths; less than 12/min

Question 16

tachypnea

Answer 16

fast RR; more than 20/min

Question 17

hypopnea

Answer 17

shallow breaths

Question 18

hyperpnea

Answer 18

deep breaths

Question 19

sighing resps

Answer 19

normal rate and depth with periodic deep and audible breaths

Question 20

Intermitent breathing

Answer 20

periods of apnea, shallow breaths, deep breaths; irregular breaths

Question 21

dyspnea

Answer 21

difficulty breathing

Question 22

Orthopnea

Answer 22

dyspnea when lying down

Question 23

How to reileve orthopnea

Answer 23

high fowler’s

Question 24

Trepopnea

Answer 24

Dyspnea when lying down on one side and not the other

Question 25

Platypnea

Answer 25

Dsypnea when standing or sitting

Question 26

Orthodeoxia

Answer 26

Desating when sitting up

relieved when lying down

Question 27

hyperventilation

Answer 27

increased RR and/or depth of breathing to remove CO2

Question 28

hypoventilation

Answer 28

decreased RR and/or depth

Question 29

air hunger

Answer 29

extreme shortness of breath

Question 30

Symptoms

Answer 30

Patient description/ subjective

Question 31

Signs

Answer 31

objective/ measurable

Question 32

how much does O2 consumption and CO2 production increase per 1C elevation

Answer 32

10%/ 1C

Question 33

Hypothermia signs and symptoms

Answer 33

low T, shivering, peripheral vasoconstriction, reduced metabolism, slow and shallow breathing

Question 34

Strong and weak pulses

Answer 34

pulsus alterans

Question 35

Ways to take pulse

Answer 35

radial, brachial, femoral, carotid

Question 36

Normal pulse

Answer 36

60-100bpm

Question 37

narrow cuff, tight cuff, excessive pressure, inflation from last measurement… gives rise to what error in measuring BP?

Answer 37

higher than true value

Question 38

too wide or large cuff gives rise to what error in measurement of BP

Answer 38

lower than true value

Question 39

Occurs when intrathoracic pressure pushes left side of heart making it unable to pump out blood effectively

Answer 39

Pulsus paradoxus