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CCFP Exam 2021 > Vital FM 5 > Flashcards

Vital FM 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 nonpharmacologic treatments for vasovagal syncope?

A

Avoid triggers
Identify prodromes
Water & Salt
Protective maneuvers

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2
Q

What t medications do we give for vasovagal syncope?

A 
Fludrocortisone
Midrodine
Beta Blockers > 42 years
SSRIs
Droxidopa
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3
Q

What vasovagal syncope would warrant a 1 month driving ban?

A

Unexplained
Frequent
No prodrome

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4
Q

Who do you screen for esophageal cancer?

A

Nobody.

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5
Q

What are two diabetic drugs that have reduced CV mortality even if the patient doesn’t have diabetes?

A 
SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin)
GLP-1 Agonist (liraglutide)
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6
Q

What 4 management tests do you order for known pulmonary hypertension?

A

Annual Echo
Annual DLCO (diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide)
Cardiac MRI
Right heart catheterization

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7
Q

What are 3 types of pulmonary hypertension who need warfarin?

A

Idiopathic
Heritable
Drug/toxin-induced

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8
Q

What are three prescriptions for pulmonary HTN?

A

PDE5i
Endothelin receptor antagonist
Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators

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9
Q

What are 4 lifestyle management steps for patients with MS

A

Decrease smoking
Decrease weight
Increase exercise
Vitamin D

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10
Q

What would make you stop MS treatments?

A

Patient wanting to conceive!

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11
Q

What two pharmacologic treatments have some evidence in eating disorders?

A

SSRIs

Antipsychotics

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12
Q

Which medications have no evidence or are contraindicated in eating disorders?

A

SNRIs
Mood stabilizer
Bupropion

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13
Q

What medication can you start in ED for opioid use disorder?

A

Buprenorphine/Naloxone

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14
Q

Which children are at highest risk of food allergy?

A

Severe eczema

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15
Q

If sibling had an allergic reaction should you delay allergens?

A

No.

DELAY increases risk.

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16
Q

What are two alternatives to latex condoms?

A

Polyurothane

Polyisoprene

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17
Q

What sub-clinical hypothyroidism do you treat?

A

Wanting to conceive
>4 TSH
>4 weeks apart

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18
Q

List 5 things that would make you at moderate risk of neural tube defects?

A

Family history
Diabetes
Malabsortion (bypass, IBD, celiac)
Folate-inhibiting meds (cholestyramine

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19
Q

List 2 things that would put patients at high risk of neural tube defects

A

Personal history

Previous pregnancy

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20
Q

What are the doses of folic acid for neural tube defects?

How soon do you start it?

A

0.4
1
4

Start 3 months before

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21
Q

What additional imaging test do you order for moderate/high risk neural tube defects?

A

1st trimester U/S

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22
Q

What is the abnormal amount of fluid for urinary retention?

A

> 150 cc’s

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23
Q

What are 4 non-pharm medications for urinary incontinence

A

Pelvic floor muscle training
Pessary
Weight loss
Stop caffeine

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24
Q

What is the target uric acid level for gout?

A

None

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25
Q

What are the components of the fever pain score?

A

Fever > 24hr
Pus
Severly inflamed
No cough/coryza

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26
Q

What are the four types of fecal incontinence?

A

Urge
Passive
Involuntary
Seepage

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27
Q

What are 4 treatments for fecal incontinence?

A

Diet
Antimotility
Neuromodulation
Surgery

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28
Q

Who do you screen for dementia?

A

None.

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29
Q

What are 3 treatments for alopecia aerata

A

Steroids (topical, SC)
Minoxidil
Bimatoprost

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30
Q

What do you treat molluscum with?

A

Cantharridin

q3-4 weeks 90% resolve

31
Q

What are effects associated with tetracyclines, macrocodes and clinda?

A

Short-term
Hypersensitivity (photo)
Autoimmune

32
Q

How to avoid side effects of abx for acne?

A

Shortest course possible

33
Q

What are three reasons not to use cannabis during pregnancy/breastfeeding?

A

Harm to mom
Harm to fetus
Harm while breastfeeding

34
Q

What are benefits of low carb diets?

A

Reduce A1c

Reduce weight

35
Q

What are the benefits of keto diet?

A

Reduction in seizures.

36
Q

List 5 side effects of antibiotics?

A

GI (N/V/diarrhea/abdo pain)

Derm

37
Q

What medication is best for alcohol abstinence? What is next best?

A

Acamprosate NNT 12

Naltrexone NNT 20

38
Q

What is the most effective treatment you use to reduce IUD insertion pain?

A

Lidocaine-prilocaine cream

39
Q

List 3 things to reduce IUD insertion pain.

A

Lidocaine-prilocaine cream
Misoprostol 600
Viscous lidocaine 4%

40
Q

What are 3 treatments that do not reduce IUD insertion pain?

A

Misoprostol 400
Lidocaine 2%
Ibuprofen

41
Q

What is the screen time limits for children as per CPS?

A

None.

42
Q

What are 5 things to consider as alternatives to ADHD?

A

Learning disorder, sleep, ODD, substances, mood

43
Q

What is first line treatment for age 4-6 ADHD?

A

Behavioural management

44
Q

Which visits for well baby should be in person?

A

Vaccines

45
Q

What anti-seizure has the highest risk of birth defects?

A

Valproic acid

46
Q

How long do patients need to be seizure free before conceiving?

A

9 months

47
Q

Screening questions for pediatric nutrition

A

Did the food not last and didn’t have money?
OR
Within the past 12 months did you work that your food would run out before you got money to buy more?

48
Q

What are 5 things that would place a child at high risk of dental issues?

A 
Dental hygiene
Exposure to fluoride
Socioeconomic
Feeding practices
Visual appearance of Caries
49
Q

What are 4 components of the EUA prostate score?

A

Age
Prostate volume
PSA level
Spermine level

50
Q

What are three serologic tests for syphilis?

A

Enzyme immunoassay (+ve for life)
Rapid plasma reagin
Treponema palidum particule aggregation

51
Q

What % of IUD’s will be expelled after pregnancy if placed within 3 days?

A

33%

52
Q

When is the ideal time to place an IUD after delivery?

A

4 weeks

53
Q

What 2 occupation parameters are associated with poorer pregnancy outcomes?

A

Dose response with respect to number of hours worked

Physically demanding jobs

54
Q

What are 4 things that would make you high risk for penicillin reaction?

A

Less than 5 years
Anaphylaxis/angioedema
Severe cutaneous reaction
Treatment required

PEN-F.A.S.T. rule

55
Q

What are 5 benefits of bariatric surgery?

A 
Decreased CV mortality
Decreased all cause mortality
Reduces T2DM
Reduces HTN
Reduces Ischemic Heart Disease
56
Q

What test has improved sensitivity over the lachman/anterior drawer test

A

Lever test

57
Q

What numerical value on investigation would make you suspicious for caudal equina?

A

Post void residual > 200cc

58
Q

What are 5 red flags for headache?

A 
Sudden onset
Systemic symptoms
Neurologic findings
Old age
Positional
59
Q

What test do you order if a patient has GCA?

A

CT-A chest

60
Q

What medication must you start if you suspect GCA?

A

Steroids

61
Q

What test confirms GCA?

A

Temporal artery biopsy

62
Q

What two physical exam findings would you make you order an MRI for tinnitus?

A

Visualized pathology in outer ear

Pulsatile

63
Q

What is the single best lab test to diagnose pneumonia?

A

CRP

64
Q

What are the cutoffs for EF for HFrEF, HFmEF, HFpEF

A

HFrEF < 40
HFmEF 41-49
HFpEF >50

65
Q

What are 5 risk factors for ruptured AAA?

A 
Connective tissue disease
Aortic valve disease
Family history
Known AAA
Recent aortic surgery
66
Q

What are 5 findings on physical exam that would be suggestive of ruptured AAA

A 
Hypotension
Pulse deficit
Neurologic deficit
Aortic regurgitation mumur
Aortic aneurysm
67
Q

How do pupils affect GCS?

A

Subtract 1 from GCS if 1 pupil is non-reactive

Subtract 2 from GCS if 2 pupils are non-reactive

68
Q

What are three areas to apply stimulation to rouse patients?

A

Supraorbital notch
Fingertips
Trapezius

69
Q

What is one similar treatment for both NMS and serotonin syndrome?

A

Stop offending agent.

70
Q

What are three lifestyle interventions for acne?

A

Decrease dairy
Stop smoking
Low GI Diet

71
Q

What are 1st, 2nd and 3rd line topical steroids?

A

Hydrocortisone (start at sea level)
Betamethasone
Clobetasol

72
Q

With psoriasis, what are four other places to ask about other than skin?

A

Scalp
Nails
Genitals
Joints (Knee)

73
Q

What is the single best treatment for actinic keratuosis

A

5-FU

74
Q

What household product will increase a child’s risk of asthma?

A

Cleaning products

CCFP Exam 2021 (11 decks)

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