Vital FM 1 Flashcards
List 5 regions Thalassemia is endemic in.
Africa Middle East Caribbean Mediterranean South East Asia South America
Coffee producing regions of the world
What iron formulation has the highest iron content?
Ferrous FUmarate
FULL of Fe
What iron formulation is best for children?
Ferrous ‘S’ulfate
Best for ‘S’mall
What can you do to aid iron absorption
Vitamin C - no Tea
List 5 tests if you are worried about iron deficiency anemia
Hgb MCV Serum ferritin Peripheral Blood Smear Serum Iron TIBC Colonoscopy HCG
What test do you order to diagnosis Thalassemia
Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
Who is at high risk of iron deficiency in anemia?
List 2
Women and children
Think women and children FErst
What are risk factors for B12 deficiency?
Gastric surgery (gastric parietal cells make intrinsic factor) Strict vegans Breastfed kids of strict vegans Elderly Psychiatric
What test do you order if B12 is low to diagnose pernicious anemia?
Anti-intrinsic factor antibody
Schilling test is no longer done
What are 5 causes of anemia?
Low intake (dietary - B12/iron) Loss - menstrual, donations, meds, bleeding disorder Destruction - Marathon running
How does the Canadian Thoracic society divide up cough?
Acute - less than 3 weeks
Sub-acute - 3-8 weeks
Chronic - more than 8 weeks
What can cause acute cough (less than 3 weeks)?
Pneumonia Heart failure Neoplasm Foreign body Pneumothorax Medication
What can cause a sub-acute cough (3-8 weeks)?
Post-viral
Infectious - bacterial, viral, fungal, mycobacterial
Early chronic (asthma, reflux, upper airway cough syndrome(post-nasal drip))
What can cause chronic cough? (more than 8 weeks)
COPD Infection Cystic Fibrosis Eosinophil bronchitis Bronchiectasis
What are 4 causes outside the lung?
Travel
Occupation
Contacts
Critters
“TOCC” to your patients
What are your first, second and third line treatments for Asthma/COPD overlap syndrome?
ICS/LABA (Fluticasone + salmeterol)
LAMA (Tiotropium)
Biologic + Refer
What prophylactic antibiotic will decrease COPD exacerbations?
List 2
Azithromycin
Erythromycin
What is the first line treatment for COPD?
SABA
What medication do you substitute for a LAMA in COPD with high eosinophilic counts?
Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)
What are 3 other causes of COPD other than smoking?
Alpha 1 antitripsyn
Second hand smoke
Biofuels (immigrants)
What is the risk and benefit of adding an ICS for COPD?
Fewer exacerbations
More pneumonias
What are two non-pharmacologic interventions for COPD?
Quit smoking
Exercise
When do you add antibiotics to steroids for acute exacerbation?
CRP>40
or 2 of 3 of
Dyspnea
Sputum purulence
Sputum Volume
What bugs cause COPD?
H. Influenza
S. Pneumonia
M. Catarrhalis