Visual Pathways Flashcards
What are the three major types of cells in the retina?
Rods
Cones
Ganglion cells
Which cells in the retina make up the optic disc?
Ganglion cells
Which cells in the retina detect colours?
Cones
Which neurotransmitter does rhodopsin inhibit the release of?
Glutamate
Other than cones, rods, and ganglion cells, what are the other cells present in the retina?
Midget
Parasol
Muller Glial
Association neurons (amacrine, horizontal, interplexiform cells)
What are midget cells in the retina and what stimuli do they detect?
Small dendritic arbors
Detect small, slow-moving stimuli and colour
What are parasol cells in the retina and what stimuli do they detect?
Large dendritic arbors
Detect large, fast-moving stimuli, no colour detection
Are amacrine cells in the retina excitatory or inhibitory?
Both excitatory and inhibitory
Are horizontal cells in the retina excitatory or inhibitory?
Inhibitory
What is the function of interplexiform cells in the retina?
Provide feedback between amacrine and horizontal cells
What are the four portions of the optic nerve?
Intraocular
Intraorbital
Intracanalicular
Intracranial
What are the two tracts that emerge following decussation of the optic tract?
Medial tract and lateral tract
What causes retinal detachment?
Traumatic injury or spontaneous
What causes colour vision deficiency?
Opsin for a specific colour is not produced
What causes dichromatic vision?
One opsin is not produced
