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Grade 7 Term 2 exams > Visual Art > Flashcards

Visual Art Flashcards

1
Q

What are art elements?

A

Art elements are the ‘tools’ or ingredients used to create all artwork.
They include
line,
tone,
texture,
shape,
form,
space and
colour.

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2
Q

What is a line

A

a continuous mark on a page or any other surface,

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3
Q

What are the different types of lines?

A

curved, straight, thick, thin, wiggly,
jagged, wavy, curly and broken.

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4
Q

What is tone?

A

the lightness or darkness of a colour

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5
Q

How can lines be used to create different tones?

A

through different shading techniques.

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6
Q

The five main
shading techniques are

A

hatching,
cross-hatching,
blending,
scribbling and
stippling

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7
Q

What is texture?

A

how something looks or feels.

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8
Q

What is tactile texture?

A

how a thing feels when you rub
your hand over it.

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9
Q

What is visual texture?

A

what the
object’s texture looks like.

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10
Q

What is (IMPASTO)

A

A thick layer of paint, creating texture on the surface of a pianting.

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11
Q

What is a collage?

A

the use of other
materials such as sand, newsprint or string

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12
Q

What is shape?

A

a 2D object or area bordered by
edges or an outline.

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13
Q

Geometric shapes remind us of

A

human-made or mechanical objects

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14
Q

What are geometric shapes?

A

squares, circles, triangles and
rectangles

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15
Q

What are organic shapes?

A

have natural edges and no specific names.
These shapes remind us of the natural world in which shapes or objects are usually irregular, uneven and always changing.
They are often curve-edged.

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16
Q

What is form?

A

a 3D shape that has height, width and
thickness. Examples are spheres, cubes,
cylinders, cones and pyramids.

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17
Q

What is space?

A

the distances or areas around, between
and within the images of your picture. It is the
empty place in or around a work of art

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18
Q

What is positive space?

A

White or light areas between or within the images of your picture

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19
Q

What is negative space?

A

Black or dark areas between or within the images of your picture

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20
Q

Why is space important in artwork?

A

as it can create a mood or atmosphere

it creates the context of the
artwork – it shows what is going on around the main subject matter.

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21
Q

What may a lot of space in an artwork communicate?

A

a feeling of isolation, emptiness or even
freedom

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22
Q

What is created when light strikes an object and the image and light is reflected back to
the eye.

A

colour

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23
Q

What are primary colours?

A

are the three basic colours which cannot be mixed. They include
red, blue and yellow.

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24
Q

What are secondary colours?

A

mixed from the primary colours. They are green=yellow and
blue; orange=yellow and red; purple=red and blue.

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25
Q

What are tertiary colours?

A

a mix of a primary colour with a secondary colour, or a mix of two
secondary colours.

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26
Q

What are complimentary colours?

A

are opposite each other on the colour wheel.

They are:
orange and blue; red and green; purple and yellow.

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27
Q

What will happen when you put two complimentary colours together?

A

the one will make the other look brighter.

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28
Q

What are Analogous colours?

A

two primary colours and the secondary colours in-between,
For example blue and yellow (the primary parents) and all the greens in-between
(children).

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29
Q

What are warm colours?

A

red, orange, yellow

(remind you of the sun)

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30
Q

What are cool colours?

A

blue, green, purple.

(remind you of water)

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31
Q

What is a monochromatic colour?

A

a single colour and its tints and shades

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32
Q

What is a tint?

A

when you add white to a colour.

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33
Q

What is a tone?

A

when you add black to a colour

34
Q

the name of a colour is called a..

A

hue

35
Q

What is intensity?

A

the brightness or dullness of a colour

36
Q

What is value?

A

the lightness and darkness of a colour.

37
Q

What are design principles?
Name them

A

the basic units that make up any artwork.
balance,
contrast,
emphasis,
proportion,
pattern,
rhythm,
unity/harmony
and variety

38
Q

How is balance created in an artwork?

A

by using the art
elements of line, shape and colour

39
Q

What does it mean if the artwork is symmetrical? (or formal)

A

where both sides are the same

40
Q

What does it mean if the artwork is asymmetrical? (informal)

A

where
each side is different, but equal

41
Q

What does it mean if an artwork is radial?

A

coming out from a central point

42
Q

When is contrast used?

A

when different elements are
put next to each other to make something easier
to see.

43
Q

How do you create contrast?

A

when
you put a pale colour next to a dark colour.

44
Q

Surface qualities or textures can be in
contrast, for example

A

rough next to smooth

45
Q

Why is emphasis used?

A

to make certain parts of the
artwork stand out so that they become the focal
point or where your eye goes first.

46
Q

How can you create the focal point of an artwork?

A

with contrasting shapes, forms or colours; with directional lines to lead the eye, with
pattern or details to highlight areas, and with contrast of size to focus attention.

47
Q

What does subordination in artwork mean?

A

to make something less important than something else. In most artworks the
background is subordinated.

48
Q

What is proportion?

A

the size or position of an
object compared to another. For example, an
object in the foreground of a picture needs to
be much larger than an object in the
background.

49
Q

Where is the foreground?

A

in the front

50
Q

Where is the middle ground?

A

In the centre

51
Q

What is pattern?

A

lines, colours or shapes repeated over and over
in a planned way.

52
Q

What is rhythm?

A

when you repeat art elements and
create patterns

53
Q

What is unity / harmony?

A

when different parts of an
artwork feel as though they fit and work together

54
Q

How is variety created?

A

by making something in the artwork look
different to the rest. This often makes it more interesting.

55
Q

Which three principles of art work together to create harmony?

A

Variety, contrast and harmony

56
Q

Too much variety leads to…

A

Confusion

57
Q

Too little variety leads to…

A

Boredom

58
Q

Why are traditional African masks made and created?

A

rituals, marriages, deaths and initiations
ceremonies.

Many of the masks are worn by tribesmen and women to communicate with
their ancestors.

59
Q

How are many African masks made?

A

From natural materials like wood.
They are then painted with natural paints and dyes from nature,
and decorated with beads, shells, raffia (a type of grass) and flattened metal strips.
More elaborate masks are made from ivory and bronze for kings and chiefs.
African masks can be a combination of animal and human forms.
Many of the masks are made symmetrically.

60
Q

What inspired famous Cubist artists like Pablo Picasso and George
Braque.

A

African masks with bold geometric shapes and patterned lines that were brought to Europe for an exhibition.

61
Q

Who is Romuald Hazoume?

A

an artist from West Africa.
He was born in 1962 in Republic of Benin.
He uses rubbish that other people discard and creates masks and faces from them. These masks are art works and are displayed in galleries all over the world.

62
Q

What functions do masks form for super heroes in movies?

A

Their masks help protect their identity and
often contain some gadgets which aid them in fighting crime,
but most important of all is that their mask helps make them identifiable as a
superhero.
By putting on the mask the hero is assuming a new identity which becomes their alter ego.
This person may be completely different to the person underneath.

63
Q

What is visual Literacy?

A

the ability to ‘read’ a visual text.
This can be a painting, sculpture, drawing or even a photograph.

64
Q

Who is Jack Kirby?

A

an American comic book artist, writer, and editor
Along with Stan Lee, Kirby help create many of the iconic superheroes

he was drafted into war a few months after D-Day, honourably discharged with some awards of recognition a few years later.
So it’s easy to see where those themes of unabashed patriotism and altruistic heroism would come into play

65
Q

Describe art in The Golden Age (1938-1950)

A

There was a clear distinction between good and evil,
superheroes were do-gooders that battled and always defeated villains motivated by money or world domination.
They fulfilled every kid’s dream of gaining powers, overcoming their bullies and adventure.
Characteristic of the Golden Age’s idealism, superheroes were often used as a platform
for instilling national pride and patriotism in the face of WWII.

  • Though printed in booklet form, comics did not deviate far from their newspaper
    ancestors, telling a straightforward story through basic sequential images.
  • Cartooning was simple as publishers were not yet at the level of investing in or
    attracting serious artists.
  • Panels were laid out in basic square grids, often full of more dialogue than imagery
66
Q

Describe art in The Silver Age (1950-1971)

A

some fans of comic books were returning home from a horrific World War—and the idea of an invincible avenger overcoming the world’s evils became less and less convincing.
These factors led to a decline in superhero stories and a rise in comic titles that would appeal to more adult sensibilities—

The most successful genre was horror which rescued the industry.
The visual styles mimed darker themes, mixing in surrealistic and sometimes
disturbing imagery.
Morality groups regarded them as tools of the devil.
The majority of its readers were adults but the result, of forced censorship, was a growing pains era of artistic experimentation, fast and loose writing and political suppression.

  • Comics took their inspiration from art movements of the past, most notably surrealism, to illustrate the strange worlds in which their heroes lived.
  • With comics now established as a lucrative medium, cover images relied less on
    cheap, attention-grabbing tactics and instead became an artistic representation of the
    issue’s themes or a protagonist’s state of mind.
  • Comic books found true artistic expression for the first time in the Pop Art movement,
    which appropriated commercial objects such as product labels, magazine ads and comics for the purpose of fine art.
67
Q

The Bronze Age (1971-1980)

A

Running out of ideas, comics gave its heroes even tougher enemies to confront.
It all began with a story in Spider-man in which the hero’s best friend suffers a
drug overdose. Spider-man is helpless, and his alter ego, Peter Parker, has no
choice but to take the stage, relying on his gifts of persuasion and empathy to save the day.
The CCA opposed the inclusion of drug topics,
but Marvel published the issue anyway with reader support.
This caused the public to lose respect for the CCA and led to the end of censorship, paving the way for darker stories (more on that later).
Around this time, writer Chris Claremont revived a cancelled Silver Age series
about a group of mutants called the X-men.
Adding racially diverse, international characters to its cast,
Claremont’s second wave of mutants still had godly powers, but now they were
reviled by the public.
Echoing the struggles of the Civil Rights Movement, prejudice against the X-men’s genetic traits became the comic’s most enduring theme.
While the Golden Age portrayed social topics like World War in typical Golden Age
fashion—
Bronze Age comics dealt with the gritty realities of urban life in ways that had no real answer.
Maybe Captain America could smack Hitler in the face, but how does a superhero attack the intangible foes of bigotry and addiction?
As the stories became more focused around gritty, realistic stories, the style of the imagery morphed to match.

Art styles of the Bronze Age of comic books
* Comics traded in surrealism and experimentation for photorealistic depictions of the
urban landscape.
* The alter-ego side of the superhero’s life is given more panel time, and sensational
costumes took a backseat to depictions of everyday people.
* Depth of focus and lighting gave comics a cinematic style, heightening the reader’s
emotional connection.

68
Q

The Dark Age (1980-1993)

A

this era was where comic books achieved enlightenment.
Here, writers threw all of it out the window and showed us that a comic book hero’s world was just as gritty as the enemies he faced.
Stories like “The Dark Knight Returns” and “V for Vendetta” warned of an ominous future no amount of heroism could prevent.
Writers crafted characters who were psychologically complex, often dangerously so. Alan Moore’s “The Killing Joke” introduced us to a Joker who was more than a
giggling jester but a frighteningly psychotic serial killer.
“Watchmen” gave us heroes that were pushed to questionable actions by the very nature of the world they were trying to defend.
During this age, the line between hero and villain wasn’t just blurry; writers revealed that it never existed at all.
Ironically, as the imagery in these comics was becoming darker and more stylized—
playing with lighting and deep, dark, contrasting colours—the genre was thrust out of the shadows of pulp and into the light of literary awareness.
The idea of a sustained comic as a single work of literature led to the publication of several graphic novels, culminating in Art
The influence of horror can be seen in Venom, with his unhinging jaw of razor teeth and body
Comic books were finally regarded as a legitimate art form, as malleable and open to creative expression as any medium.

Art styles of the Dark Age of comics
* Night was the prominent setting for virtually all stories of this age, leading to an art
style that favoured strategic lighting and long shadows.
* Similarly, artists took their inspiration from hard-boiled noir films of the 40s and 50s,
creating gloomy, dubious worlds of smoke, rain, alleyways and silhouettes.
* Silver Age horror comics influenced the Dark Age in a more psychological sense, with
disturbing portraits and unnatural angles that created a perpetual sense of unease.

69
Q

The Ageless Age (1993-Present Day)

A

there is no definitive way to categorize the present “age.”
Comics have expanded into something without shape or borders—
a nebulous mass of nerd wonder.
Advanced technology in film, television and video games has created an unstoppable juggernaut of adaptations, leading to an upsurge in comic book readers from all walks of life.
Plus, the impact of Image Comics is still being felt, as readers continue their
interest in indie books fueled by the industry’s rampant commercialization.
No longer restricted to publishing giants Marvel and D.C., writers are free to explore
specialty publishers and niche markets, even foregoing traditional distribution channels by publishing their content on the internet.
One thing can be said about our current comic book age: it’s a time when the superhero
doesn’t have to be heroic or dark or even present at all. Comic books can be as pulpy or
Part space opera, part fantasy epic, part romance, Saga’s colourful inking shuttles
readers across the galaxy through abstract worlds.
as serious or as just plain weird as you want them to be. Like the invincible Superman of
the optimistic Golden Age, now is a time when anything is possible.

Art styles of the Ageless Age of comics
* Advanced technology has led to creative illustrative techniques—everything from digital
painting to 3D modelling.
* The line between film and comic is now so thin that some series are adapted into
motion comics, adding voice actors and animation to the panels with no change to the
art itself.
* The ubiquity of publishers has led to a wide variety of art styles. Design now varies
drastically, depending on the nature of the comic and the choices of the creator (rather
than the uniform “in-house” styles of the past).

70
Q

When an artist creates a collection of work that contains a common theme, then it is called

A

working in series

71
Q

What does working in series enable an artist to do

A

to engage deeper with the
theme/subject matter.

72
Q

What questions would you ask to make you think about how the artist creates a deeper understanding of the theme they are trying to convey?

A
  • What theme is the artist conveying?
  • Who is the subject matter of the series?
  • How has the artist used colour and texture to convey their message?
  • Have you gained a deeper understanding of the message as you looked at the work
    in series?
73
Q

What technique consists of building up layers of colour and
white wax and then revealing it through etching the black-painted surface?

A

The technique of wax reveal scraperboard

74
Q

Thousands of years ago, the first engravings were made on ….

A

ostrich egg shells, as well as
on bone and ivory.

75
Q

What is engraving?

A

a process of scratching a design onto a surface

76
Q

Who is Mark Summers?

A

Mark’s engravings in scratchboard have garnered numerous
awards and exhibits and features in the Book Review.
His peers at the Society of Illustrators in New York awarded Summers the
Hamilton King Award for Best Illustration of the Year in 2000.
In 2002 he was selected for the Greenwich Workshop’s David Usher Award.
His work regularly appears at the Society’s Annual Juried Shows and Illustration Books, He has also been featured in publications such as Step-By-Step, Graphics, Print, Communication Arts Annual, and Applied Arts.
In 1997 Summers was featured in US Airways Attaché in an article written about his striking literary portraits, which could be found nationwide on Barnes & Noble shopping bags, banners and trucks.

77
Q

Why do artists play an important role in society?

A

Artists are the most important members of the society because
they help us to envision our thought that may not be tolerated in the
social and political paradigm of our society. ―

78
Q

Who said, “Art is the queen of all sciences communicating knowledge to the generations of the world‖”?

A

(Leonardo da Vinci)

79
Q

How does art influence society?

A

By changing opinions,
instilling values and
translating experiences across space and time. …

Art is communication; it allows people from different cultures and
different times to communicate with each other via
images, sounds and stories.

Art is often a vehicle for social change.

Creative thinkers and makers provide their communities with joy, interaction, and inspiration,
but they also give thoughtful critique to our political, economic and social system.

80
Q

What are the 4 roles of the Artist?

A
  1. Artists help us to see the world in new or innovative ways.
  2. Artists make a visual record of the people, places, and events of their time.
  3. Artists make functional objects and structures (buildings) more pleasurable and, thereby, elevate them or imbue them with meaning.
  4. Artists give form to the immaterial— hidden or universal truths, spiritual forces, and personal feelings.
81
Q

What is African craft often associated with?

A

the production of everyday objects – baskets, jars, pots, etc.
but it is also about beauty.

This is especially true of pottery where along with appreciation of perfect form, the
technical skill of crafting can also be admired especially in the absence of even the simplest of machines like a potter’s wheel.

Grade 7 Term 2 exams (13 decks)

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