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Adult ll > Visual And Auditory Disorders > Flashcards

Visual And Auditory Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Myopia

A

near sightedness

can see near; distance is blurry

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2
Q

Hyperopia

A

far sightedness

can see far; near is blurry

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3
Q

Presbyopia

A

a specific type of hyperopia

far sightedness that happens in people over 40 years old

loss of accomodation

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4
Q

Astigmatism

A

ill-regularity in the lens that causes visual changes (blurry)

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5
Q

Aphakia

A

loss of a lens

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6
Q

main symptoms of refractive errors

A

blurred vision, headaches, eye strain

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7
Q

Correctable refractive errors tx

A

corrective glasses
contact lenses: instruct patient to remove if experiencing RSVP
surgical therapy

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8
Q

RSVP teaching point

A

Redness, Sensitivity, Visual Problems, Pain

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9
Q

Uncorrectable visual impairment

A

causes of blindness: cataracts, glaucoma, age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal disease

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10
Q

Total Blindness

A

no lights

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11
Q

Functional blindness

A

lights and shadows

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12
Q

legally blind

A

corrected vision in 2200 or worse

cannot see more than 20ft

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13
Q

sighted-guide techniques

A

stand slightly in from so the person doesn’t walk into something; offer them your elbow; instruct the pt about things in the room and where they are located

always announce entering and departure

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14
Q

Extraocular disorders: Hordeolum

A

inflammation/infection disorder

Sty
Gland on eyelid get inflamed
apply warm compression to drain
Painful
May need surgery
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15
Q

Extraocular disorders: Clalzion

A

inflammation/infection disorder

eyelid is swollen
warm compress
may need surgery

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16
Q

Extraocular disorders: Blepharitis

A

Inflammation/infection disorder

eyelid margins are inflamed

17
Q

Extraocular disorders: Conjunctivitis

A

inflammation/infection disorder

conjunctiva is inflamed
red, crusty drainage

18
Q

Corneal Abrasion

A

inadequate eye care
red, painful

in pt’s on ventilators, Bell’s palsy, Guillian Barre’

19
Q

Intraocular Disoder: Retinal Detachment

A

separation of the sensory retina and the underlying epithelium, fluid accumulates

need to go the ER

usually in just 1 eye

20
Q

Retinal Detachment risk factors

A

increased age, eye trauma, cataract surgery, glaucoma surgery, severe myopia, retinopathy, personal/family hx

21
Q

Retinal Detachment manifestation

A

light flashes, floaters, cobweb, curtain (one retina detaches)

22
Q

Retinal Detachement Goal

A

Goal: seal retinal breaks; relieve inward traction on retina

23
Q

Post-Op eye care teaching

A

hygiene caring for eye
symptoms of infection: redness, itching, pain

prevention of intraocular pressure: heavy lifting
instillation of eye drops: pull down and put in sac

Meds for pain (mild pain)
follow up appointment

24
Q

Orbital Surger: Enucleation

A

removal of the entire eye

indicated for: blind, painful eye, infection, trauma, ocular malignancy

25
Q

Nursing Management of Enucleation

A

support - psychological, social
loss of 1 eye - the pt looses depth perception

adjustment to vision loss-safety, moving with aids
assist with cognitive mapping (work with position sense, direction)

26
Q

Inner Ear Problem: Meniere’s Disease

A

excessive accumulation of fluid in labyrinth; increases until labyrinth ruptures

unknown etiology

May lead to permanent hearing loss

Feeling constant dizziness/Tinnitus

27
Q

Meniere’s Attack

A

When Labyrinth ruptures

Increased Tinnitus
Vertigo
Sensorineural hearing loss
N/V
fullness in ear
Pallor, Sweating
28
Q

Meniere’s Disease collaborative care

A

antihistamines, anticholinergic, benzos

bedrest - keep head still to reduce vertigo

Maintenance: diuretics, low Na diet, anti vertigo meds (antihistamines)

surgical: labyrinthectomy - will cause permanent deafness in that ear)

29
Q

Meniere’s Disease nursing management

A

during attack: quiet, darkened room, remove flickering lights; falls precaution

post-op: quiet, darkened room, remove flickering lights, falls precaution; tinnitus and vertigo resolve over days/weeks after surgical ablation of labyrinth

30
Q

Inner ear problems: Labyrinthitis

A

inflammation of inner ear, affects cochlear and/or vestibular part of labyrinth

infection can enter inner ear from meninges, middle ear, bloodstream

rare due to antibx use

resembles Meniere’s but is not chronic

31
Q

Labyrinthitis manifestations

A 
unilateral tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss
vertigo
nystagmus
N/V
-can result in permanent deafness

Most common complication of meningitis

Adult ll (11 decks)

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