Vision And Hearing Problems Flashcards
Eye Appearance Changes with Age
Sunken, arcus senilis, sclera yellows or appears blue
Changes do not affect vision
Cornea Changes with age
Flattens
Blurs Vision
Ocular Muscle changes with age
Decreased change
Hard to maintain upward gaze
Lens changes with age
Hardens, cataracts
Yearly exams
Iris/pupils changes with age
Dec ability to dilate
Hard to see at night
Color vision changes with ages
Hard to see blue greens and violets
Hard to see color indicators
Tear changes with age
Reduced, dry eyes, eye infections
Saline eye drops
Corneal Disorders
Corneal abrasion -> corneal infection -> corneal ulceration
Assess: pain, vision changes, secretions, photophobia, mechanism of injury
Diagnose: with ‘silt lamp’
Intervention: eye drops- anti infective or steroids
Retinal Disorders (Holes, tears, detachment)
Alteration in the continuity between the retina and the epithelium
May lead to blindness
Assess:
Risk - trauma, age, eye surgery
S/S - flashes of light, floaters
Intervention:
Seek care, surgery may be needed
No treatment needed sometimes
Cataract
Lens opacity
Cause: aging, DM, glaucoma, eye trauma, retinal detachment, chronic sun exposure
Assess: gradual loss of vision, no pain or eye redness, cloudy lens late in progression, progresses to blindness
Intervention: surgery
Development of glaucoma
Forward displacement of iris
Iris presses against cornea
Reduction of outflow of aqueous humor
Inc intraocular pressure
Irreversible damage to optic nerve due to tissue ischemia
Blindness
Primary open angle Glaucoma
Angle between lens and cornea is open and some movement of fluid to be reabsorbed
Most common
Assess: gradual loss of vision, seeing halos
Primary angle closure glaucoma
Angle between lens and cornea closed, no movement of fluid to be reabsorbed
More severe
Assess: sudden severe pain, headache, brow pain, N/V, halos around light, sudden blurred vision with decreased light perception
Glaucoma Meds
Prostaglandin agonists (latanoprost)
- reduce IOP; collects and drains aqueous humor faster
- eye color darkens and lashes elongate
Beta Adrenergic Blockers (timolol)
- reduce IOP; limit production of aqueous humor and improves absorption
- if taking oral beta blockers, monitor HR and BP
- if diabetic, check glucose often
- do not take with asthma or COPD
Pinna changes with age
Pinna decreases in elasticity
Normal finding
