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351 EXAM 2 > Nurse-Patient Relationship > Flashcards

Nurse-Patient Relationship Flashcards

1
Q

Mental Status Exam (MSE)

A

Comprehensive exam of a persons mental status
Components:
- appearance
- behavior/attitude
- speech
- affect
- mood
- thought process
- thought content
- cognition

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2
Q

Echopraxia

A

Repeating movements that are observed

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3
Q

Waxy flexibility

A

Passive yielding of all movable parts of the body to any effort made at placing them in certain positions

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4
Q

Posturing

A

Voluntary assumption of inappropriate or bizarre postures

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5
Q

Pacing and rocking

A

Pacing back and forth and rocking the body

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6
Q

Neologisms

A

Made-up words that have meaning only to the person who invents them

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7
Q

Echolalia

A

Repeating of words or phrases spoken by someone else “echo”

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8
Q

Clang associations

A

Choice of words governed by sounds (often rhyming)

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9
Q

Word salad

A

Group of words put together in a random fashion

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10
Q

Circumstantiality

A

Delay in reaching the point of communication because of unnecessary and tedious details

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11
Q

Tangentiality

A

Unable to get to the point of communication due to the introduction of many new topics

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12
Q

Loose association

A

Shift of ideas from one unrelated topic to another. More severe than tangential.

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13
Q

Perseveration

A

Persistent repetition of the same word or idea in response to different questions

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14
Q

Mutism

A

Inability to speak

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15
Q

Perceptions

A

Interpretation of stimuli through senses

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16
Q

Illusions

A

Misperceptions of real external stimuli

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17
Q

Delusions

A

Fixed false beliefs that are irrational and that the individual maintains as true despite evidence to the contrary

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18
Q

Psychiatric assessment

A

Orientation to time
Orientation to place
Attention and immediate recall of 3 words
Abstract thinking
Recent memory 3 words again
Name objects
Ability to follow verbal command
Ability to follow written command
Ability to use language correctly
Ability to concentrate
Understanding spatial relationships: draw a clock

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19
Q

Case management

A

A health delivery process whose goals are to provide quality healthcare, decrease fragmentation, enhance the clients quality of life, and contain costs

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20
Q

Managed care

A

A concept designed to control the balance between cost and quality of care. Individuals receive care based on need, which is determined by coordinators of the providership

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21
Q

Case manager

A

The individual responsible for negotiating with multiple healthcare providers to obtain a variety of service for for the client

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22
Q

Critical pathways of care

A

CPC
The tools for provision of care in a case management system
Determine which categories of care will be provided and when

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23
Q

Milieu therapy

A

Therapeutic community
Scientific structuring of the environment to effect behaviors changes and to improve the psychological health and functioning of the individual
- adaptive coping
- interaction and relationship skills
- utilize these skills that can be generalized to other aspects of his or her life

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24
Q

Group

A

A collection of individuals whose association is founded on shared commonalities of interest, values, norms, or purpose
Can be:
- by chance
- by choice
- by circumstance

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25
Q

Socialization

A

The teaching of social norms occurs through group interaction

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26
Q

Support

A

Fellow group members are available in times of need

27
Q

Camaraderie

A

Individuals receive joy and pleasure from interactions with significant others

28
Q

Normative influence

A

Different groups enforce established norms in various ways

29
Q

Empowerment

A

Change can be made by groups at times when individuals alone are ineffective

30
Q

Task groups

A

Groups are formed to accomplish a specific outcome or task

31
Q

Teaching groups

A

The focus is to convey knowledge and information to several individuals

32
Q

Supportive and therapeutic groups

A

The primary concern is to prevent possible future upsets by teaching the participants effective ways of dealing with emotional stress arising from situational or developmental crises

33
Q

Group therapy

A

Has a sound theoretical base and leaders generally have advanced degrees in psychology, social work, nursing, or medicine

34
Q

Therapeutic groups

A

Are based on lesser extent on theory. The focus is on group relations, interactions amount group members, and consideration of a selected issue

35
Q

Self-help groups

A

Composed of individuals with a similar problem
Serve to reduce the possibilities of further emotional distress leading to pathology and necessary treatment
May or may not have professional leader; run by members; leadership often rotates person to person;

36
Q

Seating in group dynamics

A

Best when there is no barrier between the members

37
Q

Size of group dynamics

A

Size makes a difference in the interaction amount members; 7 or 8 members provide a favorable climate for optimal group interaction

38
Q

Open ended groups

A

Members leave and others join at any time during the existence of the group

39
Q

Closed ended groups

A

All members join at the time the group is organized and terminate membership at the end of a designated period

40
Q

Groups installation of hope

A

By observing the progress of others in the group with similar problems, a group member garners hope that his/her problems can also be resolved

41
Q

Universality

A

Individuals come to realize that they are not alone in the problems, thoughts, and feelings they are experiencing

42
Q

Imparting of information

A

Group members share their knowledge with each other. Leaders also provide information

43
Q

Group Altruism

A

Individuals provide assistance and support to each other, thereby helping to create a positive self-image and promote self growth

44
Q

Corrective recapitulation of the primary family group

A

Group members re experience early family conflicts that remain unresolved

45
Q

Catharsis

A

Within the group, members are able to express both positive and negative feeling

46
Q

Phases of group development

A

Phase I: Orientation
- establish rules and goals
- promotes trust
Phase II: Working
- work toward completion of task
- leader role diminishes
- trust established
Phase III: Termination
- sense of loss and grief to the end of the group
- grief from previous losses can be triggered

47
Q

Autocratic leadership

A

Focus is on the leader, on whom the members are dependent for problem solving, decision making, and permission to perform
Production is high, morale is low

48
Q

Democratic leadership

A
  • focus is on members, who are encouraged to participate fully in problem-solving of group issues, including taking action to effect change
    Production is somewhat lower, but morale is much higher
49
Q

Laissez-faire leadership

A

There is no focus in this type of leadership
Goals are undefined and members do as they please
Productivity and morale are low

50
Q

Psychodrama

A

Group therapy that employs a dramatic approach
Clients become actors in life-situation scenarios
An identified client is selected to portray a life situation
Other members play roles of people with whom the client has unresolved issues with
Basically role playing

51
Q

Family therapy

A

Family is viewed as a system in which the members are interdependent
Goal is to facilitate a system change rather than focus on any one individual as the one in need of treatment

52
Q

Crisis

A

A sudden event in ones life, during which usual coping mechanisms cannot resolve the problem
the crisis disturbs homeostasis

53
Q

Characteristics of crisis

A
  • not necessarily equated with psychopathology
  • crises are precipitated by specific, identifiable events
  • personal
  • acute, not chronic, and resolved in one way or another
  • contains the potential for growth or deterioration
54
Q

Phases of a crisis

A

Individual is exposed to a precepitating stressor
When previous problem solving techniques do not relieve the stressor, anxiety increases further
All possible resources, both internal and external, are called on to resolve the problem and relieve the discomfort

55
Q

Whether or not a stressful event results in a crisis depends on

A

The individuals perception of the event
The availability of situational supports
The availability of adequate coping mechanisms

56
Q

Dispositional crisis

A

An acute response to an external. Situational stressor

57
Q

Crisis of anticipated life transitions

A

Normal life-cycle transition that may be anticipated but over which the individual may feel a lack of control

58
Q

Crisis from traumatic stress

A

Precipitated by an unexpected, external stressor over which the individual has little or no control, and from which he or she feels emotionally overwhelmed and defeated

59
Q

Maturational/developmental crisis

A

Occurs in response to a situation that triggers emotions related to unresolved conflicts in ones life

60
Q

Crisis reflecting psychopathology

A

An emotional crisis in which preexisting psychopathology has been instrumental in precipitating the crisis or in which psychopathology significantly impairs or complicates adaptive resolution
- personality disorders, anxiety, bipolar, schizophrenia

61
Q

Psychiatric emergency

A

A crisis in which general functioning has been severely impaired and the individual is rendered incompetent or unable to assume personal responsibility
- suicide, OD, acute psychoses, uncontrollable anger, alcohol intoxication

62
Q

Crisis intervention

A

The minimum therapeutic goal of crisis intervention os psychological resolution of the individuals immediate crisis and restoration to at least the level of functioning that existed before the crisis period

63
Q

Disaster nursing

A

A common feature of disasters is that they overwhelm local resources and threaten the function and safety of the community
Disasters leave victims with a damaged sense of safety and well-being and varying amounts of emotional trauma
Grieving is normal

351 EXAM 2 (9 decks)

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