Genitourinary System Flashcards
Urinary retention
Inability to expel urine
Oliguria
Scant urine outputs <400ml/day
Anuria
Absence of urine output <100mL/day
UTI
Inflammation for bladder
Risk: obstruction causing retention, catheter, DM, concentrated urine, female, sexually active, older age
S/S: frequency, urgency, dysuria, foul smelling urine, incontinence, hematuria, feeling of incomplete bladder emptying, fever, malaise, flank pain, older: confusion
Intervention: Meds, nice fluid intake, surgical management if recurrent
UTI meds
Ciprofloxacin
- inc sun sensitivity, pt should protect selves from sun
Amoxicillin
- penicillin allergies
- take with food
- call if diarrhea develops
- may effect birth control
UTI patient education
Drink 2-3L/day
Maintain immunocologic health
Empty bladder regularly and completely
Cleanse perineum from front to back
Wear loose fitting cotton underwear
Empty bladder before/after intercourse
Avoid douches and lubricants
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of kidneys
Asses: flank and abd pain, fatigue, fever, chills, tachycardia, tachypnea, confusion, vomit
SEPTIC SHOCK!!
Implementation: may need surgery, analgesics, antiemetics, and antipyretics
Urolithiasis
Kidney stone or presence of calculus in urinary tract
Risk: dehydration, metabolism, high urine acidity/alkalinity
S/S: sever flank, lower abd, and peri pain, N/V, hematuria, Oliguria/anuria,
Treatment
- non surgical
- pain manage
- hydrate
- strain urine for stones
- meds to speed passage
- lithotripsy
-surgical management
- ureteroscopy
-open surgical removal
Hydronephrosis/hydroureter
Build up of fluid causing stretching and inflammation of kidney and ureters
Assess: urinary retention
Implementation: surgical maybe
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Inflammation of the prostate
Assess:frequency, urgency, nocturia, retention, incomplete emptying, leaking, depression, decreased libido, hematuria
Implement: meds, lifestyle changes, void frequently, low volume frequent fluid intake, surgery, TURP
BPH med
Alpha 1 Adrenergic Antagonist… tamsulosin
- relaxes bladder neck muscle
- risk for ortho hypotension, monitor dizziness, BP, weakness
- med reconciliation important on this drug
Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
Acute urinary retention, chronic UTI, hydronephrosis
Post op:
- standard
- continuous bladder irrigation
- blood-tinged urine w/ clots is normal
- assess for infection
- pain control
- assess for obstruction
