Vision and coordination

Question 1

The “Hierarchical model of visual processing” is composed of:

Answer 1

Processes:
• Visual cognition (visuocognition)
• Visual memory
• Pattern recognition 
• Scanning
• Visual attention

Basic visual function:
• Oculomotor control
• Visual fields
• Visual acuity

Question 2

What is the purpose of assessing vision (in OT)?

Answer 2

• Identity limitations in occupation
• Identify visual impairments causing the limitation.
• Develop appropriate intervention

Question 3

Define “visual field”

Answer 3

The boundary of what is seen when looking straight ahead.

Question 4

How do you assess visual field?

Answer 4

1. Instruct the patient to look at your nose (or a fixed point).
2. Let the patient know that you will br moving a target from outside of their field and they should tell you when they see it.
3. Move the target from all different angles.

Question 5

Define “convergence”

Answer 5

The muscle action of moving the eyes inward in adduction.

Question 6

How do you assess “convergence” and “divergence”

Answer 6

1. Sit directly opposite the patient.
2. Slowly move a penlight/target towards the client at eye level.
3. Ask the patient to keep his/her eyes on the target and to report when the target appears blurry.
4. Move the penlight/target back out to observe divergence.

Question 7

How to assess “Tracking”

Answer 7

1. Sit directly opposite the patient.
2. Ask the patient to keep the head stationary and instruct the patient to follow the target only with his/her eyes.
3. Move the pen from side-to-side; up-and-down and diagonally.

Question 8

Define coordination

Answer 8

The ability to produce movements that are accurate, smooth and controlled.

Question 9

Characteristics of co-ordinated movements include:

Answer 9

• Smoothness
• Rhythm
• Appropriate speed
• Appropriate muscle tension
• Postural tone
• Equilibrium

Question 10

Which assessments can you use to assess co-ordination?

Answer 10

• Thursday test
• Finger-nose test
• Finger-finger test
• Occupation-based tests (tying shoe laces, buttoning a shirt, pouring, writing)

Question 11

What to observe when assessing coordination

Answer 11

• Inaccurate movement
• Tremors (not smooth movement)
• Speed (too slow/ fast movement)