Vision

Question 1

Visual Transduction

Answer 1

Photoreceptors in the eye are sensitive to wavelengths of light energy called the visible spectrum. Visible spectrum: ROYGBIV

Question 2

Structures in the eye

Answer 2

1. Cornea
2. Iris
3. Pupil
4. Lens
5. Retina- layer containing photoreceptors. rods and cones that transduce light energy to electrochemical impulses

Question 3

Rods

Answer 3

a. about 120 million in total
b. located in the retina’s periphery
c. unable to detect color

Question 4

Cones

Answer 4

a. visual acuity=fine detail
b. concentrated in the middle of the retina
c. detects color in brighter light

Question 5

Rods and cones synapse with __________ which synapse with _________ which form the __________.

Answer 5

bipolar cells; ganglion cells; optic nerve

Question 6

Optic Chiasm

Answer 6

junction of the two optic nerves where fibers from the two retinas cross; apart of the visual pathway

Question 7

Visual Cortex

Answer 7

in the Occipital Lobe; apart of the visual pathway

Question 8

Wavelength

Answer 8

hue (color)

Question 9

Intensity

Answer 9

brightness

Question 10

Complexity (purity)

Answer 10

mixture of wavelengths; saturation

Question 11

Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory

Answer 11

a. 3 cones= red, blue, and green

b. other colors= mixing of signals

Question 12

Opponent Process Theory

Answer 12

a. 2-color processes- red v. green, yellow v. blue, black v. white
b. In the thalamus, some neurons are turned on by red but off by green

Question 13

Myopic

Answer 13

nearsightedness, eyes are too long, image falls too near to the lens

Question 14

Hyperopic

Answer 14

farsightedness