Perceptual Processes

Question 1

Top-Down Processing

Answer 1

info processing from the brain down to the receptor

Question 2

Gestalt Laws of Organization

Answer 2

processes which group smaller units of the perceptual world into larger units

Question 3

Figure-Ground Perception

Answer 3

tendency to organize the figure apart from the ground

Question 4

Law of Pragnanz (Law of Simplicity)

Answer 4

tendency to see things in the simplest form

Question 5

Closure

Answer 5

filling in missing information

Question 6

Similarity

Answer 6

grouping based on how similar

Question 7

Proximity

Answer 7

grouping based on how near

Question 8

Common Fate

Answer 8

moving in same direction

Question 9

Continuity

Answer 9

.

Question 10

Set or Expectancy

Answer 10

you perceive what you expect to perceive or what fits the set (A 13 C D; 12 13 14 15)

Question 11

Shape Constancy

Answer 11

perceived shape of an object remains constant despite changes in the shape of the retinal image of the object

Question 12

Size Constancy

Answer 12

percieved size of an object remains constant despite changes in the size of the retinal image of the object

Question 13

Phi Phenomenon

Answer 13

illusions of apparent motion (flashing lights)

Question 14

Stroboscopic

Answer 14

flipbook

Question 15

Binocular cues

Answer 15

both eyes

Question 16

Binocular Disparity (Retinal Disparity)

Answer 16

takes into account slight differences of each retina (pulfrich effect)

Question 17

Convergence

Answer 17

takes into account the muscle tension

Question 18

Monocular Cues

Answer 18

cues provided by one eye

Question 19

Accommodation

Answer 19

change in shape: bulging an elongating of lens; effective only for objects within 25 feet

Question 20

Motion Parallax

Answer 20

phenomenon where near objects are seen as moving more rapidly than far objects

Question 21

Texture Gradient

Answer 21

texture of a surface receding in distance changes in clarity, blurring at further distances

Question 22

Relative Height

Answer 22

.

Question 23

Relative Clarity

Answer 23

similar to texture gradient

Question 24

Linear Perspective

Answer 24

produced by apparent converging of parallel lines in the distance

Question 25

Interposition

Answer 25

.

Question 26

The Ames Room

Answer 26

trapezoid room

Question 27

Ponzo Illusion

Answer 27

the human mind judges an object’s size based on its background

Question 28

Muller Lyer

Answer 28

based on people’s experiences with rooms and buildings (cultural)

Question 29

Stroop Effect

Answer 29

brain selectively attending to most meaningful areas in your environment (red written in blue)

Question 30

Bottom-Up Processing

Answer 30

info processing begins at the receptor level and continues to higher brain centers

Question 31

Extrasensory Perception

Answer 31

1. Telepathy
2. Clairvoyance (seeing it while it happens)
3. Precognition (seeing it before it happens)
4. Psychokinesis( ability to move things with the brain)