Vision

Question 1

The cones are concentrated in the ________________

Answer 1

Central Fovea

Question 2

What is Foveation?

Answer 2

When the eyes focus on one object, the rest of the things around get blurred.

The fovea centralis being the portion of the retina responsible for sharp central vision.

Question 3

Vision is not continuous. The brain puts together a continuous visual experience from a sequence of ____________ and ____________

Answer 3

Fixations and Saccades

Question 4

Vision is not continuous. The brain puts together a continuous visual experience from a sequence of ____________ and ____________

Answer 4

Fixations and Saccades

Question 5

Since ________________ vision is blurry because the eyes are moving, this information is often ignored.

Answer 5

Saccadic

Question 6

Eye tracking Research is done through _______________

Answer 6

Occulometers

Question 7

What is RSVP?

Answer 7

Rapid Serial Visual Presentation.

It requires participants to look at a continuous presentation of visual items which is around 10 items per sec. They are all shown in the same place.

Question 8

What is the relevance of Foveation and Eye Tracking?

Answer 8

Design to minimize the visual work in scanning the diaplays.

Question 9

Websites are scanned with ____________

Answer 9

F- shape

Question 10

People first tend to scan :

Answer 10

1. Complex Areas
2. Saturated colors
3. Dark Areas
4. Human Faces

Question 11

Can text color affect user interaction?

Answer 11

Yes to highlight certain heading or to draw attention to particular text, changing the text color helps.

Question 12

Why are we drawn to faces?

Answer 12

• There is a special part of brain just for recognizing faces. The Fusiform Face Area (FFA) of our brain allows us to identify faces faster than objects. FFA lies very near to the Amygdala which is the brain’s emotional center.
• The eyes are very important. People look at the eyes and decide if the picture shown to them is of someone who is human and alive.

Question 13

While choosing a human face for a landing page/advertisement, what should you keep in mind?

Answer 13

When photos of real people are presented with content, they are automatically treated as important.

Users are immediately drawn to a face but if the face is looking in another direction they also tend to pay attention in that direction.

We need to decide whether there is need to establish emotional connection (face looking right at the user) or direct their attention (face looking at product).

Question 14

What is the relevance of visual scan prediction?

Answer 14

People tend to scan based on their expectations. you need to understand what they expect and design to support their expectations.

Question 15

You can draw the user’s attention to a location with

Answer 15

1. Complex Areas
2. Saturated Colors
3. Dark Areas
4. Human Faces

Question 16

What is Perceived Size?

Answer 16

How well you can see something depends on how far it is and how big it is.

Distance/ 200

Question 17

What is the optimal reading speed?

Answer 17

17 minutes of Arc

Question 18

What is startle response?

Answer 18

Attention is directed to any sudden movement, sound or other sensation.

It results in arousal of the Sympathetic Nervous System and reduction in Parasympathetic Nervous System activity.

Question 19

How often should you use motion?

Answer 19

• Limit the use of animation of all kinds.

* Avoid wiggly stuff.

Question 20

What is the relevance of Stroop Effect?

Answer 20

1. Maintain consistency with color.
2. Do not have clashes between color and its meaning.
3. Use only the color codes the people expect. (Eg. writing Stop in green, will not have the same impact)

Question 21

_______________ test is for color Blindness

Answer 21

Ishihara

Question 22

What is Purkinje Shift?

Answer 22

sensitivity of the human eye to shift towards the blue end of the spectrum at low illumination levels.

this effect introduces a difference in color contrast under different levels of illumination.

Question 23

What is Chromatic aberration?

Answer 23

It is an effect resulting from dispersion in which there is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same convergence point. It occurs because lenses have different refractive indices for different wavelengths of light.

Question 24

What is chromostereopsis?

Answer 24

Pure Blue Text on Pure Red Background or vice-versa should never be used because it generates chromostereopsis i.e. depth through color perception and causes reading difficulty.

Question 25

What is small field Tritanopia?

Answer 25

If the stimuli are made sufficiently small, color normal individuals report a loss in hue perception, in particular a decrease in the perception of green, in both the fovea and peripheral retina. This is called small field tritanopia.

Question 26

How to ensure color and legibility?

Answer 26

1. Always design monochrome and add color to enhance.
2. make sure there is enough contrast.
3. Avoid pure blue on pure red or red on blue or red/blue on black.

Question 27

What is canonic perspective?

Answer 27

It is the expected form - It is the standard or preferred way of viewing an object.

Question 28

What is the relevance of canonic perspectives?

Answer 28

Easy to recognize icons and graphics - When creating graphics or icons make sure you are using the canonic perspectives that people expect.

Question 29

why is Pattern Recognition important?

Answer 29

Pattern recognition is critical to identifying objects, moving through space, reading a book, looking at art.