Vision

Question 1

3 layers of the retina

Answer 1

Superficial, Middle, Deepest

Question 2

Cells in the superficial layer of the retina

Answer 2

Photoreceptors

Question 3

Cells in the middle layer of the retina

Answer 3

Interneurones

Question 4

Cells in the deepest layer of the retina

Answer 4

Cells from the magnocellular and parvocellular ganglia

Question 5

2 types of photoreceptors

Answer 5

Rods and cones

Question 6

Function of rod cells

Answer 6

Peripheral and night vision

Question 7

Function of cone cells

Answer 7

High acuity and colour vision

Question 8

Path from retina to the lateral genitculate nucleus

Answer 8

Optic nerve, through optic chiasm, then optic tracts

Question 9

Fibres that dessucate in the optic chiasm

Answer 9

Nasal

Question 10

Fibres in the optic tracts

Answer 10

Ipsilateral temporal fibres, Contralateral nasal fibres

Question 11

Vision modalities carried by the magnocellular path

Answer 11

Motion vision, Identify where objects are

Question 12

Vision modalities carried by the parvocellular path

Answer 12

Fine detail, colour vision

Question 13

Path from the lateral genitculate nucleus to the visual cortex

Answer 13

Optic radiations

Question 14

2 pathes of optic radiations

Answer 14

Temporal (Meyer’s) loop, Parietal (Baum’s) loop

Question 15

Visual fields carried in the temporal (Meyer’s) loop

Answer 15

Superior

Question 16

Visual fields carried in the parietal (Baum’s) loop

Answer 16

Inferior

Question 17

Nucleus that coordinates parasympathetic input to the eye

Answer 17

Edinger-Westphal nucleus

Question 18

Describe pupilary response to light

Answer 18

Light detected and travels down visual path, Activates Edinger-Westphal nuclei, PNS input carried down CNIII, causes constriction

Question 19

Explain the reason for the consensual pupillary response

Answer 19

Fibres dessucate in the optic chiasm, activates both nuclei

Question 20

Location of a lesion causing complete loss in one eye

Answer 20

Optic nerve

Question 21

Location of a lesion causing bitemporal hemianopia

Answer 21

Optic chiasm

Question 22

Location of a lesion causing homonogous hemianopia

Answer 22

Optic tracts

Question 23

Location of a lesion causing loss of superior contralateral quadrants

Answer 23

Temporal (Meyer’s) loop

Question 24

Location of a lesion causing loss of inferior contralateral quadrants

Answer 24

Parietal (Baum’s) loop

Question 25

Location of a lesion causing macula sparing

Answer 25

Close to the visual cortex

Question 26

Define strabismus

Answer 26

Eyes not correctly aligned

Question 27

Define exotropia

Answer 27

Eye facing out

Question 28

Define esotropia

Answer 28

Eye facing in