Pain

Question 1

Receptors that detect pain

Answer 1

Nociceptors

Question 2

Stimuli that activates nociceptors

Answer 2

Histamine and bradykinin

Question 3

Types of nociepter fibres

Answer 3

A delta and C

Question 4

Features of type A delta fibres

Answer 4

Fast, Well localised, Sharp

Question 5

Features of type C fibres

Answer 5

Slow, Poorly localised, Dull throbbing

Question 6

Lamina at which type A delta fibres join

Answer 6

Lamina I and V

Question 7

Lamina at which type C fibres join

Answer 7

Lamina I,II, and V

Question 8

Function of the substantia gelatinosa

Answer 8

Modulate pain

Question 9

Fibres activating the substantia gelatinosa

Answer 9

Descending pathways, A beta mechanoreceptors

Question 10

Pathway to activate the descending tracts to modulate

Answer 10

Periaqueductal grey matter, activates the nucleus magnus raphe

Question 11

Neurotransmitters that activate the substantia gelatinosa

Answer 11

Encephalin and 5HT

Question 12

Describe wind up

Answer 12

Repeat stimulation of second order neurones causes up-regulation of NDMA receptors

Question 13

Define hyperalgesia

Answer 13

Nociceptors fire at a lower threshold

Question 14

Mechanisms of hyperalgesia

Answer 14

Wind up, Nociceptors develop more Na channels

Question 15

Define allodynia

Answer 15

Pain felt in an area that’s not stimulated