Raised ICP

Question 1

Common causes of raised ICP

Answer 1

Space occupying lesion, Hydrocephalus, Infection, Cerebral haemorrhage

Question 2

S+S of raised ICP

Answer 2

Nausea, Vomiting, Aggression, Headache (worse lying down), Pupil dilation, Reduced peripheral vision, Cushing’s reflex, Reduced resp rate, Reduced consciousness

Question 3

Describe Cushing’s reflex

Answer 3

Raised BP, lowered heart rate

Question 4

Cause of pupil dilation with raised ICP

Answer 4

Compression of optic nerve

Question 5

Describe how the body compensates for raised ICP

Answer 5

Reduce CSF volume

Question 6

Main consequence of raised ICP

Answer 6

Herniation

Question 7

Types of brain herniation

Answer 7

Subfalcine, Uncal, Tonsilar

Question 8

Describe subfalcine herniation

Answer 8

Cingulate gyrus herniates under the falx cerebri

Question 9

Describe uncal herniation

Answer 9

Uncus herniates through the tentorial notch

Question 10

Describe tonsilar herniation

Answer 10

Cerebellar tonsils herniate through the foramen magnum