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ANP 1106 > Vision > Flashcards

Vision Flashcards

1
Q

Why do we have eyebrows?

A

Shading the eye
Preventing perspiration from reaching the eye

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2
Q

What muscle depresses the eyebrow?

A

Orbicularis muscle

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3
Q

What muscle moves the eyebrows medially?

A

Corrugator muscles

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4
Q

The course hairs that overlie the supraorbital margins form the…

A

Eyebrows

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5
Q

What are the palpebrae?

A

Eyelids

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6
Q

What is the function of the palpebrae?

A

Protect the eye anteriorly

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7
Q

What does the palpebral fissure do?

A

Separate the eyelids

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8
Q

What supports the eyelids internally?

A

The tarsal plates of connective tissue

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9
Q

What elevates the upper eyelid?

A

Levator palpebrae superioris

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10
Q

What is the conjunctiva?

A

The transparent membrane that:
-Lines the eyelids as the palpebral conjunctiva
-Covers the whites of the eyes as the occlar conjunctiva
-Lubricates and protects the eye

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11
Q

What is conjunctivitis?

A

Pink eye caused by the swelling of the conjunctiva

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12
Q

What does the lacrimal gland do?

A

It produces and secretes tears aka lacrimal secretions

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13
Q

True or false: Tears flow up and around the eyeball?

A

False- Tears flow down and across the eyeball

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14
Q

What is the role of the lateral rectus muscle?

A

Moves eyes laterally

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15
Q

What Cranial nerve controls the lateral rectus muscle?

A

VI (Abducens)

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16
Q

What does the medial rectus muscle do?

A

Moves the eyes medially

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17
Q

What cranial nerve controls the medial rectus muscle

A

III (occulomor)

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18
Q

What does the superior rectus muscle do?

A

Elevate the eyes and turns it medially

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19
Q

What cranial nerve controls the superior rectus muscle?

A

III (oculomotor)

20
Q

What does the inferior rectus muscle do?

A

Depresses the eye and turns it medially

21
Q

What cranial nerve controls the inferior rectus muscle?

A

III (oculomotor)

22
Q

What does the inferior oblique muscle do?

A

Elevates eye and turns it laterally
side eye lmao

23
Q

What cranial nerve controls the inferior oblique?

A

III (oculomotor)

24
Q

What muscle depresses the eye and turns it laterally?

A

Superior oblique
Sneak peak lol

25
Q

What cranial nerve controls the superior oblique?

A

IV (trochlear)

26
Q

What happens when the sphincter pupillae muscle contracts? What ANS controls this?

A

Pupil size decreases/constricts

27
Q

What muscles make up the iris?

A

Sphincter pupillae
Dilator pupillae

28
Q

What happens when the dilator pupillae muscle contracts? What ANS system controls this?

A

Pupil size increases/dilates
Sympathetic NS

29
Q

What is the optic disc?

A

The site where the optic nerve leaves the eye and there is a lack of photoreceptors aka blind spot

30
Q

What is the location of ganglion cell axons?

A

Run along the inner surface of the retina and leave the eye as the optic nerve

31
Q

What forms the optic nerve?

A

Axons of retinal ganglion cells

32
Q

Which fibers decussate at the optic chiasm?

A

Medial fibers of the optic nerve

33
Q

Where do most fibers of the optic tract continue to…
The other optic tract fibers….

A

Lateral geniculate body of the thalamus
end in the superior colliculi and pretectal nuclei

34
Q

What is the role of the superior colliculi?

A

Initiating visual reflexes

35
Q

What is the role of the pretectal nuclei?

A

Involved in pupillary reflexes

36
Q

Optic radiations travel from the ______ to the _______

A

Thalamus, visual cortex

37
Q

What is melanopsin?

A

Circadian Pigment- Sets daily biorhythms/biological clock

38
Q

True or false: A small subset of visual fibers contain melanopsin

A

True

39
Q

True or false: A small subset of visual fibers contain melanopsin

A

True

40
Q

Where are rods located?

A

Mostly peripheral retina

41
Q

Where are cones located?

A

Mostly central retina

42
Q

Which is more numerous?

a) Rods
b) Cones
C) They are the same

A

A) Rods

For every cone, there are 20 rods

43
Q

True or false: Color vision can be seen in rods via three visual pigments?

A

False- Colour is picked up by cones while non colour vision of visual pigment is rods

44
Q

I am highly sensitive and I function in dim light. I am a….

A

ROD

45
Q

I am not very sensitive and I function in bright light. I am a…

A

CONE

ANP 1106 (9 decks)

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