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ATPL Meteorology > Visibility > Flashcards

Visibility Flashcards

1
Q

What is fog

A

<999m

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2
Q

What is mist

A

1000> 5000 m

Relative humidity of over 95%

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3
Q

What is haze

A

Solid particles

0-5000m

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4
Q

What is radiation fog

A

When saturated air is cooled and condensed over a cold surface

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5
Q

What wind is required for radiation fog

A

2-8 knots

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6
Q

What height is radiation fog

A

Ho to 500 foot = isothermal layer

Can get an inversion ontop it layer of fog

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7
Q

How high is shallow fog

A

Up to 6ft off ground

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8
Q

What is valley fog

A

Basically the same as radiation for but in a valley

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9
Q

Once dispersed what clouds can valley / radiation fog rise to form

A

St/ Sc

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10
Q

What is orographic fog

A

Cloud formed ontop of hill

Where air cooled by adiabatic cooling

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11
Q

What is frontal fog

A

Where rain falls over wet ground

Cold air = condenses into fog

Moved with front

Forms ahead of warm front

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12
Q

Advection fog

A

Warm stable moist air moving over cold surface

Warm air cools

When cooled to due point = advection fog

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13
Q

What wind is needed for advection fog

A

10-15 knots

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14
Q

What is steam fog / evaporation fog / arctic sea smoke

A

Warm surface (sea or water)

Evaporation

Very cold air moves over

Air condenses

Usually in polar regions

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15
Q

What is ice fog

A

Temp -35°c / -40°c

Ice crystals suspended in air

Light wind to keep them there

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16
Q

What is freezing fog

A

SCWD

Rime ice

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17
Q

What is the visibility in High level cloud

A

1000 m +

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18
Q

What is the visibility in mid level cloud

A

20-1000m

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19
Q

What is the visibility in low level cloud

A

10-30 m

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20
Q

What precipitation has the worst visibility

A

Heavy snow

21
Q

What precipitation had the best vis

A

Mod rain

22
Q

what is the visibility in mod rain

A

3-10 km

23
Q

What is the visibility in heavy rain

A

<1000m

24
Q

What is the visibility in moderate snow

A

1000m

25
Q

What is the visibility in drizzle

A

<500m

26
Q

What is the visibility in heavy snow

A

<50m

27
Q

Whay winds are required for dust or sand storms

A

15-30 knots

28
Q

How high can dust or sand storms be

A

3000 ft

Can be 15,000 ft

29
Q

What is the visibility in a heavy dust storm

A

<200m sky obscured

30
Q

What is the visibility in moderate dust storm

A

200-600m Sky not obscured

31
Q

When reporting vis should you quote an area of less vis

A

When it is more that 50% less than than the rest of the vis

Or less than 1500m

32
Q

What is visibility or 1-5000m reported in

A

Metres

33
Q

What increments is vis <800m reported in

A

50 m increments

34
Q

What increments is vis 800-5km reported in

A

100m increments

35
Q

What increments is vis 5km - 1 km reported in

A

1km increments

36
Q

How high is a transmissometer

A

7.5fert above the ground

37
Q

What will a rvr measure between distance wise

A

50 > 1500 m

38
Q

What is the placement of the RVR in proximity to the runway

A

Not more that 120m to the side of the centre line

300m along from the threshold

39
Q

What will the RVR read if the vis is less than 50m

A

M0050

40
Q

What will the RVR read if vis is more than 1500m

A

P1500

41
Q

What is the time range of reporting to get a RVR

A

10 mins before METAR then averaged

42
Q

What is the time range for a ATC instant RVR report

A

2 mins

43
Q

What distance must multiple RVR distances be quoted

A

When vis is less than 800m AND less than vis at threshold

Or if less than 400m

44
Q

What increments is the RVR reported in when vis is below 400m

A

25m increments

45
Q

What symbol is used when vertical vis is so bad you can’t give a vertical visibility

A

VV ///

46
Q

What is the definition of meteorological visibility

A

The greatest distance at which a black object near the ground can be recognised when observed against a bright background

Or

The greatest distance at which a light of 1000 candles fam been seen and identified against an unlit background

47
Q

How many points along a runway is RVR measured

A

3 points

48
Q

How do you measure surface wind

A

Anemometer

ATPL Meteorology (8 decks)

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